pgsql: Avoid collation lookup failure when considering a "char" column.

Avoid collation lookup failure when considering a "char" column.

If a "char" column has a statistics histogram, scalarineqsel()
would fail with "cache lookup failed for collation 0". Avoid
the failing lookup by acting as though the collation is "C".

Prior to commit 06421b084, this code didn't fail because
lc_collate_is_c() intentionally didn't spit up on InvalidOid.
It did act differently though: it would take the non-C-collation
code path and hence apply strxfrm using libc's prevailing locale.
But that seems like the wrong thing for a non-collatable comparison,
so let's not resurrect that aspect.

Author: Feng Wu <wufengwufengwufeng(at)gmail(dot)com>
Reviewed-by: Tom Lane <tgl(at)sss(dot)pgh(dot)pa(dot)us>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CACK3muq6s-O1Wc3w4dRL1Fe8YQ-Fz1zJbezeQwhuLgNxGNEFiA@mail.gmail.com
Backpatch-through: 18

Branch
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REL_18_STABLE

Details
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https://git.postgresql.org/pg/commitdiff/5fd1c3f287189cfa4bff4ac3492c313417dff7c9

Modified Files
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src/backend/utils/adt/selfuncs.c | 8 ++++++++
1 file changed, 8 insertions(+)