pgsql: Fix slotsync worker blocking promotion when stuck in wait

Fix slotsync worker blocking promotion when stuck in wait

Previously, on standby promotion, the startup process sent SIGUSR1 to
the slotsync worker (or a backend performing slot synchronization) and
waited for it to exit. This worked in most cases, but if the process was
blocked waiting for a response from the primary (e.g., due to a network
failure), SIGUSR1 would not interrupt the wait. As a result, the process
could remain stuck, causing the startup process to wait for a long time
and delaying promotion.

This commit fixes the issue by introducing a new procsignal reason,
PROCSIG_SLOTSYNC_MESSAGE. On promotion, the startup process
sends this signal, and the handler sets interrupt flags so the process
exits (or errors out) promptly at CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS(), allowing
promotion to complete without delay.

Backpatch to v17, where slotsync was introduced.

Author: Nisha Moond <nisha(dot)moond412(at)gmail(dot)com>
Reviewed-by: shveta malik <shveta(dot)malik(at)gmail(dot)com>
Reviewed-by: Amit Kapila <amit(dot)kapila16(at)gmail(dot)com>
Reviewed-by: Zhijie Hou <houzj(dot)fnst(at)fujitsu(dot)com>
Reviewed-by: Fujii Masao <masao(dot)fujii(at)gmail(dot)com>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAHGQGwFzNYroAxSoyJhqTU-pH=t4Ej6RyvhVmBZ91Exj_TPMMQ@mail.gmail.com
Backpatch-through: 17

Branch
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master

Details
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https://git.postgresql.org/pg/commitdiff/db93032a7cbd30199429167e649e22fab89327ed

Modified Files
--------------
src/backend/replication/logical/slotsync.c | 143 ++++++++++++++++++++---------
src/backend/storage/ipc/procsignal.c | 4 +
src/backend/tcop/postgres.c | 4 +
src/include/replication/slotsync.h | 7 ++
src/include/storage/procsignal.h | 1 +
5 files changed, 115 insertions(+), 44 deletions(-)