pgsql: Calculate agglevelsup correctly when Aggref contains a CTE.

Calculate agglevelsup correctly when Aggref contains a CTE.

If an aggregate function call contains a sub-select that has
an RTE referencing a CTE outside the aggregate, we must treat
that reference like a Var referencing the CTE's query level
for purposes of determining the aggregate's level. Otherwise
we might reach the nonsensical conclusion that the aggregate
should be evaluated at some query level higher than the CTE,
ending in a planner error or a broken plan tree that causes
executor failures.

Bug: #19055
Reported-by: BugForge <dllggyx(at)outlook(dot)com>
Author: Tom Lane <tgl(at)sss(dot)pgh(dot)pa(dot)us>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/19055-6970cfa8556a394d@postgresql.org
Backpatch-through: 13

Branch
------
REL_18_STABLE

Details
-------
https://git.postgresql.org/pg/commitdiff/4eab456494e3fc20dc0a10dac0466d344c9fbfaf

Modified Files
--------------
src/backend/parser/parse_agg.c | 28 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++-
src/test/regress/expected/with.out | 34 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
src/test/regress/sql/with.sql | 14 ++++++++++++++
3 files changed, 75 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)