pgsql: Allow TRUNCATE command to truncate foreign tables.

Allow TRUNCATE command to truncate foreign tables.

This commit introduces new foreign data wrapper API for TRUNCATE.
It extends TRUNCATE command so that it accepts foreign tables as
the targets to truncate and invokes that API. Also it extends postgres_fdw
so that it can issue TRUNCATE command to foreign servers, by adding
new routine for that TRUNCATE API.

The information about options specified in TRUNCATE command, e.g.,
ONLY, CACADE, etc is passed to FDW via API. The list of foreign tables to
truncate is also passed to FDW. FDW truncates the foreign data sources
that the passed foreign tables specify, based on those information.
For example, postgres_fdw constructs TRUNCATE command using them
and issues it to the foreign server.

For performance, TRUNCATE command invokes the FDW routine for
TRUNCATE once per foreign server that foreign tables to truncate belong to.

Author: Kazutaka Onishi, Kohei KaiGai, slightly modified by Fujii Masao
Reviewed-by: Bharath Rupireddy, Michael Paquier, Zhihong Yu, Alvaro Herrera, Stephen Frost, Ashutosh Bapat, Amit Langote, Daniel Gustafsson, Ibrar Ahmed, Fujii Masao
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAOP8fzb_gkReLput7OvOK+8NHgw-RKqNv59vem7=524krQTcWA@mail.gmail.com
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAJuF6cMWDDqU-vn_knZgma+2GMaout68YUgn1uyDnexRhqqM5Q@mail.gmail.com

Branch
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master

Details
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https://git.postgresql.org/pg/commitdiff/8ff1c94649f5c9184ac5f07981d8aea9dfd7ac19

Modified Files
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contrib/postgres_fdw/connection.c | 3 +-
contrib/postgres_fdw/deparse.c | 38 +++++
contrib/postgres_fdw/expected/postgres_fdw.out | 201 ++++++++++++++++++++++++-
contrib/postgres_fdw/option.c | 4 +
contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.c | 103 +++++++++++++
contrib/postgres_fdw/postgres_fdw.h | 6 +
contrib/postgres_fdw/sql/postgres_fdw.sql | 101 +++++++++++++
doc/src/sgml/fdwhandler.sgml | 61 ++++++++
doc/src/sgml/postgres-fdw.sgml | 32 +++-
doc/src/sgml/ref/truncate.sgml | 6 +-
src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c | 151 +++++++++++++++++--
src/backend/replication/logical/worker.c | 11 +-
src/include/commands/tablecmds.h | 18 ++-
src/include/foreign/fdwapi.h | 8 +
src/include/utils/rel.h | 4 +-
src/test/regress/expected/foreign_data.out | 8 +-
src/tools/pgindent/typedefs.list | 1 +
17 files changed, 725 insertions(+), 31 deletions(-)