pgsql: Don't use _mdfd_getseg() in mdsyncfiletag().

Don't use _mdfd_getseg() in mdsyncfiletag().

_mdfd_getseg() opens all segments up to the requested one. That
causes problems for mdsyncfiletag(), if mdunlinkfork() has
already unlinked other segment files. Open the file we want
directly by name instead, if it's not already open.

The consequence of this bug was a rare panic in the checkpointer,
made more likely if you saturated the sync request queue so that
the SYNC_FORGET_REQUEST messages for a given relation were more
likely to be absorbed in separate cycles by the checkpointer.

Back-patch to 12. Defect in commit 3eb77eba.

Author: Thomas Munro
Reported-by: Justin Pryzby
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20191119115759.GI30362%40telsasoft.com

Branch
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master

Details
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https://git.postgresql.org/pg/commitdiff/7bb3102cea02101efcbb4c4fba3fdd452a52bdab

Modified Files
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src/backend/storage/smgr/md.c | 57 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-------------
1 file changed, 40 insertions(+), 17 deletions(-)