pgsql: Prioritize history files when archiving

Prioritize history files when archiving

At the end of recovery for the post-promotion process, a new history
file is created followed by the last partial segment of the previous
timeline. Based on the timing, the archiver would first try to archive
the last partial segment and then the history file. This can delay the
detection of a new timeline taken, particularly depending on the time it
takes to transfer the last partial segment as it delays the moment the
history file of the new timeline gets archived. This can cause promoted
standbys to use the same timeline as one already taken depending on the
circumstances if multiple instances look at archives at the same
location.

This commit changes the order of archiving so as history files are
archived in priority over other file types, which reduces the likelihood
of the same timeline being taken (still not reducing the window to
zero), and it makes the archiver behave more consistently with the
startup process doing its post-promotion business.

Author: David Steele
Reviewed-by: Michael Paquier, Kyotaro Horiguchi
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/929068cf-69e1-bba2-9dc0-e05986aed471@pgmasters.net
Backpatch-through: 9.5

Branch
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REL_11_STABLE

Details
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https://git.postgresql.org/pg/commitdiff/a016f59d5901ce37f28e58b622169b579258c2e0

Modified Files
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src/backend/postmaster/pgarch.c | 72 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++---------------
1 file changed, 46 insertions(+), 26 deletions(-)