RE: track_io_timing default setting

> Can we change the default setting of track_io_timing to on?

+1 for better observability by default.

> I can't imagine a lot of people who care much about its performance impact will be running the latest version of PostgreSQL on ancient/weird systems that have slow clock access. (And the few who do can just turn it off for their system).
> For systems with fast user-space clock access, I've never seen this setting being turned on make a noticeable dent in performance.  Maybe I just never tested enough in the most adverse scenario (which I guess would be a huge FS cache, a small shared buffers, and a high CPU count with constant churning of pages that hit the FS cache but miss shared buffers--not a system I have handy to do a lot of tests with.)

Coincidently I have some quick notes for measuring the impact of changing the "clocksource" on the Linux 5.10.x (real syscall vs vd.so optimization) on PgSQL 13.x as input to the discussion. The thing is that the slow "xen" implementation (at least on AWS i3, Amazon Linux 2) is default because apparently time with faster TSC/ RDTSC ones can potentially drift backwards e.g. during potential(?) VM live migration. I haven't seen better way to see what happens under the hood than strace and/or measuring huge no of calls. This only shows of course the impact to the whole PgSQL (with track_io_timing=on), not just impact between track_io_timing=on vs off. IMHO better knowledge (in explain analyze, autovacuum) is worth more than this potential degradation when using slow clocksources.

With /sys/bus/clocksource/devices/clocksource0/current_clocksource=xen (default on most AWS instances; ins.pgb = simple insert to table with PK only from sequencer.):
# time ./testclock # 10e9 calls of gettimeofday()
real 0m58.999s
user 0m35.796s
sys 0m23.204s

//pgbench
transaction type: ins.pgb
scaling factor: 1
query mode: simple
number of clients: 8
number of threads: 2
duration: 100 s
number of transactions actually processed: 5511485
latency average = 0.137 ms
latency stddev = 0.034 ms
tps = 55114.743913 (including connections establishing)
tps = 55115.999449 (excluding connections establishing)

With /sys/bus/clocksource/devices/clocksource0/current_clocksource=tsc :
# time ./testclock # 10e9 calls of gettimeofday()
real 0m2.415s
user 0m2.415s
sys 0m0.000s # XXX: notice, userland only workload, no %sys part

//pgbench:
transaction type: ins.pgb
scaling factor: 1
query mode: simple
number of clients: 8
number of threads: 2
duration: 100 s
number of transactions actually processed: 6190406
latency average = 0.123 ms
latency stddev = 0.035 ms
tps = 61903.863938 (including connections establishing)
tps = 61905.261175 (excluding connections establishing)

In addition what could be done here - if that XXX note holds true on more platforms - is to measure via rusage() many gettimeofdays() during startup and log warning to consider checking OS clock implementation if it takes relatively too long and/or %sys part is > 0. I dunno what to suggest for the potential time going backwards , but changing track_io_timings=on doesn't feel like it is going to make stuff crash., so again I think it is good idea.

-Jakub Wartak.