Re: postgres_fdw: Use COPY to speed up batch inserts

On Wed Feb 25, 2026 at 10:39 PM -03, Masahiko Sawada wrote:
>> Note that using COPY as the remote SQL is not always feasible. If the
>> remote table has a trigger that modifies the row, and the local foreign
>> table also has an insert trigger, we cannot capture those changes. While
>> postgres_fdw typically relies on INSERT ... RETURNING * to synchronize
>> the TupleTableSlot with remote side effects, the COPY command does not
>> support a RETURNING clause. Without this synchronization, local triggers
>> would see the original data rather than the actual values inserted. This
>> limitation is why the ri_TrigDesc == NULL check is necessary; removing
>> it causes the "Test a combination of local and remote triggers"
>> regression test on postgres_fdw.sql to fail.
>
> Agreed. If this problem happens only when the local table has an AFTER
> INSERT trigger, can we check ri_TrigDesc->trig_insert_after_row too?
>

Yes, it's better to only fallback to insert mode when the table have a
AFTER trigger. Fixed.

> Regarding the third condition, resultRelInfo->ri_returningList == NIL,
> can we make it an Assert() because checking
> resultRelInfo->RootResultRelInfo == NULL already checks if it's called
> via COPY?
>

Yes, souns better. Fixed.

> One thing it might be worth considering is to add some regression
> tests verifying that COPY commands are actually being used on the
> remote server in success cases. That way, we can be aware of changes
> even if we change the assumption in the future that RootResultRelInfo
> == NULL only when postgresBeginForeignInsert() is called via COPY. One
> idea is to define a trigger on the remote server that checks if the
> executed query is INSERT or COPY. For example,
>
> create function insert_or_copy() returns trigger as $$
> declare query text;
> begin
> query := current_query();
> if query ~* '^COPY' then
> raise notice 'COPY command';
> elsif query ~* '^INSERT' then
> raise notice 'INSERT command';
> end if;
> return new;
> end;
> $$ language plpgsql;
>
> Note that we need to set client_min_message to 'log' so that we can
> write the notice message raised via postgres_fdw.
>

Good, thanks for this! I've added on this new version.

Please see the new attached version. Thank you for reviewing this!

--
Matheus Alcantara
EDB: https://www.enterprisedb.com