psql: exit status with multiple -c and -f

I raised this issue a few years ago.
https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/20181217175841.GS13019%40telsasoft.com

|[pryzbyj(at)database ~]$ psql -v VERBOSITY=terse ts -xtc 'ONE' -c "SELECT 'TWO'"; echo "exit status $?"
|ERROR: syntax error at or near "ONE" at character 1
|?column? | TWO
|
|exit status 0

The documentation doen't say what the exit status should be in this case:
| psql returns 0 to the shell if it finished normally, 1 if a fatal error of its own occurs (e.g., out of memory, file not found), 2 if the connection to the server went bad and the session was not interactive, and 3 if an error occurred in a script and the variable ON_ERROR_STOP was set.

It returns 1 if the final command fails, even though it's not a "fatal error"
(it would've happily kept running more commands).

| x=`some_command_that_fails`
| rm -fr "$x/$y # removes all your data

| psql -c "begin; C REATE TABLE newtable(LIKE oldtable) INSERT INTO newtable SELECT * FROM oldtable; commit" -c "DROP TABLE oldtable
| psql -v VERBOSITY=terse ts -xtc '0CREATE TABLE newtbl(i int)' -c 'INSERT INTO newtbl SELECT * FROM tbl' -c 'DROP TABLE IF EXISTS tbl' -c 'ALTER TABLE newtbl RENAME TO tbl'; echo ret=$?

David J suggested to change the default value of ON_ERROR_STOP. The exit
status in the non-default case would have to be documented. That's one
solution, and allows the old behavior if anybody wants it. That probably does
what most people want, too. This is more likely to expose a real problem that
someone would have missed than to break a legitimate use. That doesn't appear
to break regression tests at all.

The alternative to David's suggestion is to define some non-zero exit status to
mean "an error occurred and ON_ERROR_STOP was not set".

If the new definition said that the new exit status was only used for errors
which occur in the final command (-c or -f), and if the exit status in that
case were "1", then this would be a back-patchable documentation change,
removing the word "fatal" and removing or updating the parenthetical examples.
That would make psql behave exactly like /bin/sh does when used without
"set -e" - which is usually the opposite of the desirable behavior...

I think it's not viable to change the exit status in the case of a single
-c/-f, nor to change the exit status in back branches. David's suggestion is
more radical than the minimal change to a nonzero exit status, but maybe that's
okay ?

--
Justin