partial index regarded more expensive

So, I have a table game with a timestamp attribute 'game_end', ranging from
jan-2005 to present. The game table also have an attribute state, with live
games beeing in state 2, and ended games beeing in state 4 (so,
game_end+delta>now() usually means state=4). There are also an insignificant
number of games in states 1,3.

This query puzzles me:

select * from game where game_end>'2005-07-30' and state in (3,4);

Now, one (at least me) should believe that the best index would be a partial
index,

"resolved_game_by_date" btree (game_end) WHERE ((state = 3) OR (state = 4))

NBET=> explain analyze select * from game where game_end>'2005-07-30' and state in (3,4);
QUERY PLAN

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Index Scan using resolved_game_by_date on game (cost=0.00..7002.87 rows=7147 width=555) (actual time=0.220..86.234 rows=3852 loops=1)
Index Cond: (game_end > '2005-07-30 00:00:00'::timestamp without time zone)
Filter: ((state = 3) OR (state = 4))
Total runtime: 90.568 ms
(4 rows)

Since state has only two significant states, I wouldn't believe this index
to be any good:

"game_by_state" btree (state)

...and it seems like I'm right:

NBET=> explain analyze select * from game where game_end>'2005-07-30' and
state in (3,4);
QUERY
PLAN
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Index Scan using game_by_state, game_by_state on game (cost=0.00..4413.78 rows=7147 width=555) (actual time=0.074..451.771 rows=3851 loops=1)
Index Cond: ((state = 3) OR (state = 4))
Filter: (game_end > '2005-07-30 00:00:00'::timestamp without time zone)
Total runtime: 457.132 ms
(4 rows)

Now, how can the planner believe the game_by_state-index to be better?

('vacuum analyze game' did not significantly impact the numbers, and I've
tried running the queries some times with and without the
game_by_state-index to rule out cacheing effects)

--
Tobias Brox
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