update entire table (with PostGreSQL alone)?

Dear anyone,

I wish to update an entire table with just using (PostGre)SQL (=preferably without resorting to C, Python or so). Can I? If so how?

For example, I want to update/replace table:

a | b | c
---+---+---
1 | 2 | 3
4 | 5 | 6
7 | 8 | 9

with table:

a | b | c
---+---+---
1 | 2 | 2
4 | 5 | 6
9 | 0 | 0

So, I wish to:
1- update every data point in the table (based on the UNIQUE column 'a' (=PRIMARY KEY)), and if this value of a is not present (such as for instance value 9: 9,0,0),I wish to;
2- insert a new row with data points
3- and I want to delete old rows that are not used present in the new table (such as row 7 : 7,8,9)

How can I update an entire table with just using (PestGre)SQL?

Lots of thanks for any help anyone can give me,

Wiliam Knobbel, PhD-Student