pgsql: Weaken the planner's tests for relevant joinclauses.

Weaken the planner's tests for relevant joinclauses.

We should be willing to cross-join two small relations if that allows us
to use an inner indexscan on a large relation (that is, the potential
indexqual for the large table requires both smaller relations). This
worked in simple cases but fell apart as soon as there was a join clause
to a fourth relation, because the existence of any two-relation join clause
caused the planner to not consider clauseless joins between other base
relations. The added regression test shows an example case adapted from
a recent complaint from Benoit Delbosc.

Adjust have_relevant_joinclause, have_relevant_eclass_joinclause, and
has_relevant_eclass_joinclause to consider that a join clause mentioning
three or more relations is sufficient grounds for joining any subset of
those relations, even if we have to do so via a cartesian join. Since such
clauses are relatively uncommon, this shouldn't affect planning speed on
typical queries; in fact it should help a bit, because the latter two
functions in particular get significantly simpler.

Although this is arguably a bug fix, I'm not going to risk back-patching
it, since it might have currently-unforeseen consequences.

Branch
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master

Details
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http://git.postgresql.org/pg/commitdiff/e3ffd05b02468b1a53de31a322cedf195576a625

Modified Files
--------------
src/backend/optimizer/path/equivclass.c | 96 ++++++-------------------------
src/backend/optimizer/path/joinrels.c | 14 ++---
src/backend/optimizer/util/joininfo.c | 24 ++++++--
src/test/regress/expected/join.out | 51 ++++++++++++++++
src/test/regress/sql/join.sql | 18 ++++++
5 files changed, 110 insertions(+), 93 deletions(-)