Query does not use index

Hi,

I hope this message won't be sent several times to the list. If so,
please accept my apologies.

It would be very nice, if someone could have a look at the query I'm
trying to optimize. At the moment, I don't understand PostgreSQL's
behaviour and are stuck. Thanks a lot in advance.

I am using PostgreSQL 7.4.1

In my database are the following tables:

Table "public.token"
Column | Type | Modifiers
----------+------------------------+-----------
text_id | integer | not null
position | integer | not null
word | character varying(255) |
Indexes:
"token_pkey" primary key, btree (text_id, "position")
"word_idx" btree (word)

and

Table "public.s"
Column | Type | Modifiers
---------+---------+-----------
text_id | integer | not null
s | integer | not null
start | integer |
stop | integer |
Indexes:
"s_pkey" primary key, btree (text_id, s)
"s_begin_idx" btree (text_id, "start")
"s_end_idx" btree (text_id, stop)
Foreign-key constraints:
"$1" FOREIGN KEY (text_id, "start") REFERENCES token(text_id,
"position")
"$2" FOREIGN KEY (text_id, stop) REFERENCES token(text_id,
"position")

(I hope it's readable)

I have the following query:

select * from
token,
s
where
token.word = 'FACTSHEET' and
s.text_id = token.text_id and
s.start = token.position

and PostgreSQL generates the following query plan

QUERY PLAN
------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------
Nested Loop (cost=0.00..39120.95 rows=1 width=32)
-> Index Scan using s_pkey on s (cost=0.00..24698.44 rows=3367
width=16)
-> Index Scan using token_pkey on token (cost=0.00..4.27 rows=1
width=16)
Index Cond: (("outer".text_id = token.text_id) AND
("outer"."start" = token."position"))
Filter: ((word)::text = 'FACTSHEET'::text)

and the execution takes ages.

Now, 'FACTSHEET' is *very* seldom (5 of 23 million) and I intended it
to first search for 'FACTSHEET' and then use index s_begin_idx (and the
values of token.text_id and token.position) to derive the corresponding
records in s.

I tried to force PostgreSQL in doing it in this order by trying the
following:

select * from (select text_id, position from token where word =
'FACTSHEET') t left join s on (s.text_id = t.text_id and s.start =
t.position )

QUERY PLAN
------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------
Hash Left Join (cost=24715.28..56630.78 rows=7892 width=24)
Hash Cond: (("outer".text_id = "inner".text_id) AND
("outer"."position" = "inner"."start"))
-> Index Scan using word_idx on token (cost=0.00..31402.51
rows=7892 width=8)
Index Cond: ((word)::text = 'FACTSHEET'::text)
-> Hash (cost=24698.44..24698.44 rows=3367 width=16)
-> Index Scan using s_pkey on s (cost=0.00..24698.44
rows=3367 width=16)

Now it *does* first search for 'FACTSHEET' but it still does not use
s_begin_idx and I have no idea why. Any ideas, what I could do?

Thanks,
Martin.