pgsql: Change the relation_open protocol so that we obtain lock on a

Log Message:
-----------
Change the relation_open protocol so that we obtain lock on a relation
(table or index) before trying to open its relcache entry. This fixes
race conditions in which someone else commits a change to the relation's
catalog entries while we are in process of doing relcache load. Problems
of that ilk have been reported sporadically for years, but it was not
really practical to fix until recently --- for instance, the recent
addition of WAL-log support for in-place updates helped.

Along the way, remove pg_am.amconcurrent: all AMs are now expected to support
concurrent update.

Modified Files:
--------------
pgsql/contrib/userlock:
user_locks.c (r1.21 -> r1.22)
(http://developer.postgresql.org/cvsweb.cgi/pgsql/contrib/userlock/user_locks.c.diff?r1=1.21&r2=1.22)
pgsql/doc/src/sgml:
catalogs.sgml (r2.128 -> r2.129)
(http://developer.postgresql.org/cvsweb.cgi/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml.diff?r1=2.128&r2=2.129)
indexam.sgml (r2.15 -> r2.16)
(http://developer.postgresql.org/cvsweb.cgi/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/indexam.sgml.diff?r1=2.15&r2=2.16)
pgsql/src/backend/access/gin:
ginvacuum.c (r1.4 -> r1.5)
(http://developer.postgresql.org/cvsweb.cgi/pgsql/src/backend/access/gin/ginvacuum.c.diff?r1=1.4&r2=1.5)
pgsql/src/backend/access/gist:
gistvacuum.c (r1.25 -> r1.26)
(http://developer.postgresql.org/cvsweb.cgi/pgsql/src/backend/access/gist/gistvacuum.c.diff?r1=1.25&r2=1.26)
pgsql/src/backend/access/heap:
heapam.c (r1.217 -> r1.218)
(http://developer.postgresql.org/cvsweb.cgi/pgsql/src/backend/access/heap/heapam.c.diff?r1=1.217&r2=1.218)
tuptoaster.c (r1.62 -> r1.63)
(http://developer.postgresql.org/cvsweb.cgi/pgsql/src/backend/access/heap/tuptoaster.c.diff?r1=1.62&r2=1.63)
pgsql/src/backend/access/index:
genam.c (r1.57 -> r1.58)
(http://developer.postgresql.org/cvsweb.cgi/pgsql/src/backend/access/index/genam.c.diff?r1=1.57&r2=1.58)
indexam.c (r1.93 -> r1.94)
(http://developer.postgresql.org/cvsweb.cgi/pgsql/src/backend/access/index/indexam.c.diff?r1=1.93&r2=1.94)
pgsql/src/backend/bootstrap:
bootstrap.c (r1.222 -> r1.223)
(http://developer.postgresql.org/cvsweb.cgi/pgsql/src/backend/bootstrap/bootstrap.c.diff?r1=1.222&r2=1.223)
pgsql/src/backend/catalog:
catalog.c (r1.66 -> r1.67)
(http://developer.postgresql.org/cvsweb.cgi/pgsql/src/backend/catalog/catalog.c.diff?r1=1.66&r2=1.67)
heap.c (r1.310 -> r1.311)
(http://developer.postgresql.org/cvsweb.cgi/pgsql/src/backend/catalog/heap.c.diff?r1=1.310&r2=1.311)
index.c (r1.271 -> r1.272)
(http://developer.postgresql.org/cvsweb.cgi/pgsql/src/backend/catalog/index.c.diff?r1=1.271&r2=1.272)
pgsql/src/backend/commands:
cluster.c (r1.151 -> r1.152)
(http://developer.postgresql.org/cvsweb.cgi/pgsql/src/backend/commands/cluster.c.diff?r1=1.151&r2=1.152)
sequence.c (r1.137 -> r1.138)
(http://developer.postgresql.org/cvsweb.cgi/pgsql/src/backend/commands/sequence.c.diff?r1=1.137&r2=1.138)
tablecmds.c (r1.197 -> r1.198)
(http://developer.postgresql.org/cvsweb.cgi/pgsql/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c.diff?r1=1.197&r2=1.198)
trigger.c (r1.204 -> r1.205)
(http://developer.postgresql.org/cvsweb.cgi/pgsql/src/backend/commands/trigger.c.diff?r1=1.204&r2=1.205)
typecmds.c (r1.95 -> r1.96)
(http://developer.postgresql.org/cvsweb.cgi/pgsql/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c.diff?r1=1.95&r2=1.96)
vacuum.c (r1.336 -> r1.337)
(http://developer.postgresql.org/cvsweb.cgi/pgsql/src/backend/commands/vacuum.c.diff?r1=1.336&r2=1.337)
vacuumlazy.c (r1.75 -> r1.76)
(http://developer.postgresql.org/cvsweb.cgi/pgsql/src/backend/commands/vacuumlazy.c.diff?r1=1.75&r2=1.76)
pgsql/src/backend/executor:
execUtils.c (r1.137 -> r1.138)
(http://developer.postgresql.org/cvsweb.cgi/pgsql/src/backend/executor/execUtils.c.diff?r1=1.137&r2=1.138)
nodeBitmapIndexscan.c (r1.19 -> r1.20)
(http://developer.postgresql.org/cvsweb.cgi/pgsql/src/backend/executor/nodeBitmapIndexscan.c.diff?r1=1.19&r2=1.20)
nodeIndexscan.c (r1.115 -> r1.116)
(http://developer.postgresql.org/cvsweb.cgi/pgsql/src/backend/executor/nodeIndexscan.c.diff?r1=1.115&r2=1.116)
pgsql/src/backend/optimizer/util:
plancat.c (r1.121 -> r1.122)
(http://developer.postgresql.org/cvsweb.cgi/pgsql/src/backend/optimizer/util/plancat.c.diff?r1=1.121&r2=1.122)
relnode.c (r1.79 -> r1.80)
(http://developer.postgresql.org/cvsweb.cgi/pgsql/src/backend/optimizer/util/relnode.c.diff?r1=1.79&r2=1.80)
pgsql/src/backend/postmaster:
autovacuum.c (r1.25 -> r1.26)
(http://developer.postgresql.org/cvsweb.cgi/pgsql/src/backend/postmaster/autovacuum.c.diff?r1=1.25&r2=1.26)
pgsql/src/backend/storage/large_object:
inv_api.c (r1.118 -> r1.119)
(http://developer.postgresql.org/cvsweb.cgi/pgsql/src/backend/storage/large_object/inv_api.c.diff?r1=1.118&r2=1.119)
pgsql/src/backend/storage/lmgr:
lmgr.c (r1.85 -> r1.86)
(http://developer.postgresql.org/cvsweb.cgi/pgsql/src/backend/storage/lmgr/lmgr.c.diff?r1=1.85&r2=1.86)
lock.c (r1.169 -> r1.170)
(http://developer.postgresql.org/cvsweb.cgi/pgsql/src/backend/storage/lmgr/lock.c.diff?r1=1.169&r2=1.170)
pgsql/src/backend/utils/cache:
catcache.c (r1.131 -> r1.132)
(http://developer.postgresql.org/cvsweb.cgi/pgsql/src/backend/utils/cache/catcache.c.diff?r1=1.131&r2=1.132)
relcache.c (r1.246 -> r1.247)
(http://developer.postgresql.org/cvsweb.cgi/pgsql/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c.diff?r1=1.246&r2=1.247)
pgsql/src/include/access:
genam.h (r1.64 -> r1.65)
(http://developer.postgresql.org/cvsweb.cgi/pgsql/src/include/access/genam.h.diff?r1=1.64&r2=1.65)
relscan.h (r1.48 -> r1.49)
(http://developer.postgresql.org/cvsweb.cgi/pgsql/src/include/access/relscan.h.diff?r1=1.48&r2=1.49)
pgsql/src/include/catalog:
catalog.h (r1.35 -> r1.36)
(http://developer.postgresql.org/cvsweb.cgi/pgsql/src/include/catalog/catalog.h.diff?r1=1.35&r2=1.36)
catversion.h (r1.344 -> r1.345)
(http://developer.postgresql.org/cvsweb.cgi/pgsql/src/include/catalog/catversion.h.diff?r1=1.344&r2=1.345)
pg_am.h (r1.45 -> r1.46)
(http://developer.postgresql.org/cvsweb.cgi/pgsql/src/include/catalog/pg_am.h.diff?r1=1.45&r2=1.46)
pgsql/src/include/optimizer:
plancat.h (r1.39 -> r1.40)
(http://developer.postgresql.org/cvsweb.cgi/pgsql/src/include/optimizer/plancat.h.diff?r1=1.39&r2=1.40)
pgsql/src/include/storage:
lmgr.h (r1.54 -> r1.55)
(http://developer.postgresql.org/cvsweb.cgi/pgsql/src/include/storage/lmgr.h.diff?r1=1.54&r2=1.55)
lock.h (r1.96 -> r1.97)
(http://developer.postgresql.org/cvsweb.cgi/pgsql/src/include/storage/lock.h.diff?r1=1.96&r2=1.97)
pgsql/src/include/utils:
relcache.h (r1.54 -> r1.55)
(http://developer.postgresql.org/cvsweb.cgi/pgsql/src/include/utils/relcache.h.diff?r1=1.54&r2=1.55)