BUG #15713: Strange error with specific column name in join

The following bug has been logged on the website:

Bug reference: 15713
Logged by: Rainer Keuchel
Email address: rainer(dot)keuchel(at)allgeier-it(dot)de
PostgreSQL version: 11.2
Operating system: WIN7
Description:

-- BUILD 11.0.2.19044

create table EuropeanArticleNumbers (id int);
insert into EuropeanArticleNumbers values(1);

create table EuropeanArticleNumbersX (id int);
insert into EuropeanArticleNumbersX values(1);

create table t2 (id int);
insert into t2 values (1);

-- error: column a.id does not exist
select * from EuropeanArticleNumbers a join t2 b on a.id = b.id;
-- ok
select * from EuropeanArticleNumbersX a join t2 b on a.id = b.id;