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9.14. Array Functions and Operators

Table 9-35 shows the operators available for array types.

Table 9-35. array Operators

Operator Description Example Result
= equal ARRAY[1.1,2.1,3.1]::int[] = ARRAY[1,2,3] t
<> not equal ARRAY[1,2,3] <> ARRAY[1,2,4] t
< less than ARRAY[1,2,3] < ARRAY[1,2,4] t
> greater than ARRAY[1,4,3] > ARRAY[1,2,4] t
<= less than or equal ARRAY[1,2,3] <= ARRAY[1,2,3] t
>= greater than or equal ARRAY[1,4,3] >= ARRAY[1,4,3] t
|| array-to-array concatenation ARRAY[1,2,3] || ARRAY[4,5,6] {1,2,3,4,5,6}
|| array-to-array concatenation ARRAY[1,2,3] || ARRAY[[4,5,6],[7,8,9]] {{1,2,3},{4,5,6},{7,8,9}}
|| element-to-array concatenation 3 || ARRAY[4,5,6] {3,4,5,6}
|| array-to-element concatenation ARRAY[4,5,6] || 7 {4,5,6,7}

See Section 8.10 for more details about array operator behavior.

Table 9-36 shows the functions available for use with array types. See Section 8.10 for more discussion and examples of the use of these functions.

Table 9-36. array Functions

Function Return Type Description Example Result
array_cat (anyarray, anyarray) anyarray concatenate two arrays array_cat(ARRAY[1,2,3], ARRAY[4,5]) {1,2,3,4,5}
array_append (anyarray, anyelement) anyarray append an element to the end of an array array_append(ARRAY[1,2], 3) {1,2,3}
array_prepend (anyelement, anyarray) anyarray append an element to the beginning of an array array_prepend(1, ARRAY[2,3]) {1,2,3}
array_dims (anyarray) text returns a text representation of array's dimensions array_dims(array[[1,2,3], [4,5,6]]) [1:2][1:3]
array_lower (anyarray, integer) integer returns lower bound of the requested array dimension array_lower(array_prepend(0, ARRAY[1,2,3]), 1) 0
array_upper (anyarray, integer) integer returns upper bound of the requested array dimension array_upper(ARRAY[1,2,3,4], 1) 4
array_to_string (anyarray, text) text concatenates array elements using provided delimiter array_to_string(array[1, 2, 3], '~^~') 1~^~2~^~3
string_to_array (text, text) text[] splits string into array elements using provided delimiter string_to_array( 'xx~^~yy~^~zz', '~^~') {xx,yy,zz}