diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/prepare_transaction.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/prepare_transaction.sgml
index d958f7a06f..5016ca287e 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/prepare_transaction.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/prepare_transaction.sgml
@@ -98,9 +98,9 @@ PREPARE TRANSACTION <replaceable class="parameter">transaction_id</replaceable>
 
   <para>
    It is not currently allowed to <command>PREPARE</command> a transaction that
-   has executed any operations involving temporary tables,
-   created any cursors <literal>WITH HOLD</literal>, or executed
-   <command>LISTEN</command>, <command>UNLISTEN</command>, or
+   has executed any operations involving temporary tables or the session's
+   temporary namespace, created any cursors <literal>WITH HOLD</literal>, or
+   executed <command>LISTEN</command>, <command>UNLISTEN</command>, or
    <command>NOTIFY</command>.
    Those features are too tightly
    tied to the current session to be useful in a transaction to be prepared.
diff --git a/src/backend/access/transam/xact.c b/src/backend/access/transam/xact.c
index f665e38ecf..55deff3a5a 100644
--- a/src/backend/access/transam/xact.c
+++ b/src/backend/access/transam/xact.c
@@ -2278,6 +2278,18 @@ PrepareTransaction(void)
 				(errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
 				 errmsg("cannot PREPARE a transaction that has operated on temporary tables")));
 
+	/*
+	 * Similarly, PREPARE TRANSACTION is not allowed if the temporary
+	 * namespace has been involved in this transaction as we cannot allow
+	 * it to create, lock, or even drop objects within it as this can
+	 * mess up with this session or even a follow-up session trying to
+	 * use the same temporary namespace.
+	 */
+	if ((MyXactFlags & XACT_FLAGS_ACCESSEDTEMPNAMESPACE))
+		ereport(ERROR,
+				(errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
+				 errmsg("cannot PREPARE a transaction that has operated on temporary namespace")));
+
 	/*
 	 * Likewise, don't allow PREPARE after pg_export_snapshot.  This could be
 	 * supported if we added cleanup logic to twophase.c, but for now it
diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/namespace.c b/src/backend/catalog/namespace.c
index 5a6eb495d4..c55a8dd38c 100644
--- a/src/backend/catalog/namespace.c
+++ b/src/backend/catalog/namespace.c
@@ -192,6 +192,7 @@ char	   *namespace_search_path = NULL;
 
 /* Local functions */
 static void recomputeNamespacePath(void);
+static void AccessTempTableNamespace(bool force);
 static void InitTempTableNamespace(void);
 static void RemoveTempRelations(Oid tempNamespaceId);
 static void RemoveTempRelationsCallback(int code, Datum arg);
@@ -459,9 +460,8 @@ RangeVarGetCreationNamespace(const RangeVar *newRelation)
 		/* check for pg_temp alias */
 		if (strcmp(newRelation->schemaname, "pg_temp") == 0)
 		{
-			/* Initialize temp namespace if first time through */
-			if (!OidIsValid(myTempNamespace))
-				InitTempTableNamespace();
+			/* Initialize temp namespace */
+			AccessTempTableNamespace(false);
 			return myTempNamespace;
 		}
 		/* use exact schema given */
@@ -470,9 +470,8 @@ RangeVarGetCreationNamespace(const RangeVar *newRelation)
 	}
 	else if (newRelation->relpersistence == RELPERSISTENCE_TEMP)
 	{
-		/* Initialize temp namespace if first time through */
-		if (!OidIsValid(myTempNamespace))
-			InitTempTableNamespace();
+		/* Initialize temp namespace */
+		AccessTempTableNamespace(false);
 		return myTempNamespace;
 	}
 	else
@@ -482,7 +481,7 @@ RangeVarGetCreationNamespace(const RangeVar *newRelation)
 		if (activeTempCreationPending)
 		{
 			/* Need to initialize temp namespace */
-			InitTempTableNamespace();
+			AccessTempTableNamespace(true);
 			return myTempNamespace;
 		}
 		namespaceId = activeCreationNamespace;
@@ -2921,9 +2920,8 @@ LookupCreationNamespace(const char *nspname)
 	/* check for pg_temp alias */
 	if (strcmp(nspname, "pg_temp") == 0)
 	{
-		/* Initialize temp namespace if first time through */
-		if (!OidIsValid(myTempNamespace))
-			InitTempTableNamespace();
+		/* Initialize temp namespace */
+		AccessTempTableNamespace(false);
 		return myTempNamespace;
 	}
 
@@ -2986,9 +2984,8 @@ QualifiedNameGetCreationNamespace(List *names, char **objname_p)
 		/* check for pg_temp alias */
 		if (strcmp(schemaname, "pg_temp") == 0)
 		{
-			/* Initialize temp namespace if first time through */
-			if (!OidIsValid(myTempNamespace))
-				InitTempTableNamespace();
+			/* Initialize temp namespace */
+			AccessTempTableNamespace(false);
 			return myTempNamespace;
 		}
 		/* use exact schema given */
@@ -3002,7 +2999,7 @@ QualifiedNameGetCreationNamespace(List *names, char **objname_p)
 		if (activeTempCreationPending)
 		{
 			/* Need to initialize temp namespace */
-			InitTempTableNamespace();
+			AccessTempTableNamespace(true);
 			return myTempNamespace;
 		}
 		namespaceId = activeCreationNamespace;
@@ -3832,6 +3829,38 @@ recomputeNamespacePath(void)
 	list_free(oidlist);
 }
 
+/*
+ * AccessTempTableNamespace
+ *		Provide access to a temporary namespace, potentially creating it
+ *		if not present yet.  This routine registers if the namespace gets
+ *		in use in this transaction.  'force' can be set to true to allow
+ *		the caller to enforce the creation of the temporary namespace for
+ *		use in this backend, which happens for one pending for creation.
+ */
+static void
+AccessTempTableNamespace(bool force)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Make note that this temporary namespace has been accessed in this
+	 * transaction.
+	 */
+	MyXactFlags |= XACT_FLAGS_ACCESSEDTEMPNAMESPACE;
+
+	/*
+	 * If the caller attempting to access a temporary schema expects
+	 * the creation of the namespace to be pending and should be enforced,
+	 * then go through the creation.
+	 */
+	if (!force && OidIsValid(myTempNamespace))
+		return;
+
+	/*
+	 * The temporary tablespace does not exist yet and is wanted, so
+	 * initialize it.
+	 */
+	InitTempTableNamespace();
+}
+
 /*
  * InitTempTableNamespace
  *		Initialize temp table namespace on first use in a particular backend
@@ -4275,7 +4304,7 @@ fetch_search_path(bool includeImplicit)
 	 */
 	if (activeTempCreationPending)
 	{
-		InitTempTableNamespace();
+		AccessTempTableNamespace(true);
 		recomputeNamespacePath();
 	}
 
diff --git a/src/backend/commands/dropcmds.c b/src/backend/commands/dropcmds.c
index 1dc1c746f1..980ce89c62 100644
--- a/src/backend/commands/dropcmds.c
+++ b/src/backend/commands/dropcmds.c
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
  */
 #include "postgres.h"
 
+#include "access/xact.h"
 #include "access/heapam.h"
 #include "access/htup_details.h"
 #include "catalog/dependency.h"
@@ -107,6 +108,13 @@ RemoveObjects(DropStmt *stmt)
 			check_object_ownership(GetUserId(), stmt->removeType, address,
 								   object, relation);
 
+		/*
+		 * Make note if a temporary namespace has been accessed in this
+		 * transaction.
+		 */
+		if (OidIsValid(namespaceId) && isTempNamespace(namespaceId))
+			MyXactFlags |= XACT_FLAGS_ACCESSEDTEMPNAMESPACE;
+
 		/* Release any relcache reference count, but keep lock until commit. */
 		if (relation)
 			heap_close(relation, NoLock);
diff --git a/src/backend/commands/extension.c b/src/backend/commands/extension.c
index 1f85f223a0..c355d4d10d 100644
--- a/src/backend/commands/extension.c
+++ b/src/backend/commands/extension.c
@@ -1473,6 +1473,13 @@ CreateExtensionInternal(char *extensionName,
 		list_free(search_path);
 	}
 
+	/*
+	 * Make note if a temporary namespace has been accessed in this
+	 * transaction.
+	 */
+	if (isTempNamespace(schemaOid))
+		MyXactFlags |= XACT_FLAGS_ACCESSEDTEMPNAMESPACE;
+
 	/*
 	 * We don't check creation rights on the target namespace here.  If the
 	 * extension script actually creates any objects there, it will fail if
diff --git a/src/backend/commands/lockcmds.c b/src/backend/commands/lockcmds.c
index 1b33be1895..4cd7ec2d5f 100644
--- a/src/backend/commands/lockcmds.c
+++ b/src/backend/commands/lockcmds.c
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
  */
 #include "postgres.h"
 
+#include "access/xact.h"
 #include "catalog/namespace.h"
 #include "catalog/pg_inherits.h"
 #include "commands/lockcmds.h"
@@ -83,6 +84,7 @@ RangeVarCallbackForLockTable(const RangeVar *rv, Oid relid, Oid oldrelid,
 {
 	LOCKMODE	lockmode = *(LOCKMODE *) arg;
 	char		relkind;
+	char		relpersistence;
 	AclResult	aclresult;
 
 	if (!OidIsValid(relid))
@@ -100,6 +102,14 @@ RangeVarCallbackForLockTable(const RangeVar *rv, Oid relid, Oid oldrelid,
 				 errmsg("\"%s\" is not a table or a view",
 						rv->relname)));
 
+	/*
+	 * Make note if a temporary relation has been accessed in this
+	 * transaction.
+	 */
+	relpersistence = get_rel_persistence(relid);
+	if (relpersistence == RELPERSISTENCE_TEMP)
+		MyXactFlags |= XACT_FLAGS_ACCESSEDTEMPREL;
+
 	/* Check permissions. */
 	aclresult = LockTableAclCheck(relid, lockmode, GetUserId());
 	if (aclresult != ACLCHECK_OK)
diff --git a/src/include/access/xact.h b/src/include/access/xact.h
index 169cf2834c..ed21a13896 100644
--- a/src/include/access/xact.h
+++ b/src/include/access/xact.h
@@ -98,6 +98,11 @@ extern int	MyXactFlags;
  */
 #define XACT_FLAGS_ACQUIREDACCESSEXCLUSIVELOCK	(1U << 1)
 
+/*
+ * XACT_FLAGS_ACCESSEDTEMPNAMESPACE - set when a temporary namespace is
+ * accessed.  We don't allow PREPARE TRANSACTION in that case.
+ */
+#define XACT_FLAGS_ACCESSEDTEMPNAMESPACE		(1U << 2)
 
 /*
  *	start- and end-of-transaction callbacks for dynamically loaded modules
diff --git a/src/test/modules/test_extensions/expected/test_extensions.out b/src/test/modules/test_extensions/expected/test_extensions.out
index 28d86c4b87..83d776d58c 100644
--- a/src/test/modules/test_extensions/expected/test_extensions.out
+++ b/src/test/modules/test_extensions/expected/test_extensions.out
@@ -121,3 +121,34 @@ Objects in extension "test_ext8"
 
 -- dropping it should still work
 drop extension test_ext8;
+-- Test creation of extension in temporary schema with two-phase commit,
+-- which should not work.  This function wrapper is useful for portability.
+-- Avoid noise caused by CONTEXT and NOTICE messages including the temporary
+-- schema name.
+\set SHOW_CONTEXT never
+SET client_min_messages TO 'warning';
+-- First enforce presence of temporary schema.
+CREATE TEMP TABLE test_ext4_tab ();
+CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION create_extension_with_temp_schema()
+  RETURNS VOID AS $$
+  DECLARE
+    tmpschema text;
+    query text;
+  BEGIN
+    SELECT INTO tmpschema pg_my_temp_schema()::regnamespace;
+    query := 'CREATE EXTENSION test_ext4 SCHEMA ' || tmpschema || ' CASCADE;';
+    RAISE NOTICE 'query %', query;
+    EXECUTE query;
+  END; $$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;
+BEGIN;
+SELECT create_extension_with_temp_schema();
+ create_extension_with_temp_schema 
+-----------------------------------
+ 
+(1 row)
+
+PREPARE TRANSACTION 'twophase_extension';
+ERROR:  cannot PREPARE a transaction that has operated on temporary namespace
+-- Clean up
+DROP TABLE test_ext4_tab;
+DROP FUNCTION create_extension_with_temp_schema()
diff --git a/src/test/modules/test_extensions/sql/test_extensions.sql b/src/test/modules/test_extensions/sql/test_extensions.sql
index 9e64503eb5..9547bb0d53 100644
--- a/src/test/modules/test_extensions/sql/test_extensions.sql
+++ b/src/test/modules/test_extensions/sql/test_extensions.sql
@@ -64,3 +64,30 @@ end';
 
 -- dropping it should still work
 drop extension test_ext8;
+
+-- Test creation of extension in temporary schema with two-phase commit,
+-- which should not work.  This function wrapper is useful for portability.
+
+-- Avoid noise caused by CONTEXT and NOTICE messages including the temporary
+-- schema name.
+\set SHOW_CONTEXT never
+SET client_min_messages TO 'warning';
+-- First enforce presence of temporary schema.
+CREATE TEMP TABLE test_ext4_tab ();
+CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION create_extension_with_temp_schema()
+  RETURNS VOID AS $$
+  DECLARE
+    tmpschema text;
+    query text;
+  BEGIN
+    SELECT INTO tmpschema pg_my_temp_schema()::regnamespace;
+    query := 'CREATE EXTENSION test_ext4 SCHEMA ' || tmpschema || ' CASCADE;';
+    RAISE NOTICE 'query %', query;
+    EXECUTE query;
+  END; $$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;
+BEGIN;
+SELECT create_extension_with_temp_schema();
+PREPARE TRANSACTION 'twophase_extension';
+-- Clean up
+DROP TABLE test_ext4_tab;
+DROP FUNCTION create_extension_with_temp_schema()
diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/temp.out b/src/test/regress/expected/temp.out
index f018f17ca0..a8021dc2f0 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/expected/temp.out
+++ b/src/test/regress/expected/temp.out
@@ -301,3 +301,60 @@ select relname from pg_class where relname like 'temp_inh_oncommit_test%';
 (1 row)
 
 drop table temp_inh_oncommit_test;
+-- Tests with two-phase commit
+-- Transactions creating objects in a temporary namespace cannot be used
+-- with two-phase commit.
+-- These cases generate errors about temporary namespace.
+-- Function creation
+begin;
+create function pg_temp.twophase_func() returns void as
+  $$ select '2pc_func'::text $$ language sql;
+prepare transaction 'twophase_func';
+ERROR:  cannot PREPARE a transaction that has operated on temporary namespace
+-- Function drop
+create function pg_temp.twophase_func() returns void as
+  $$ select '2pc_func'::text $$ language sql;
+begin;
+drop function pg_temp.twophase_func();
+prepare transaction 'twophase_func';
+ERROR:  cannot PREPARE a transaction that has operated on temporary namespace
+-- Operator creation
+begin;
+create operator pg_temp.@@ (leftarg = int4, rightarg = int4, procedure = int4mi);
+prepare transaction 'twophase_operator';
+ERROR:  cannot PREPARE a transaction that has operated on temporary namespace
+-- These generate errors about temporary tables.
+begin;
+create type pg_temp.twophase_type as (a int);
+prepare transaction 'twophase_type';
+ERROR:  cannot PREPARE a transaction that has operated on temporary tables
+begin;
+create view pg_temp.twophase_view as select 1;
+prepare transaction 'twophase_view';
+ERROR:  cannot PREPARE a transaction that has operated on temporary tables
+begin;
+create sequence pg_temp.twophase_seq;
+prepare transaction 'twophase_sequence';
+ERROR:  cannot PREPARE a transaction that has operated on temporary tables
+-- Temporary tables cannot be used with two-phase commit.
+create temp table twophase_tab (a int);
+begin;
+select a from twophase_tab;
+ a 
+---
+(0 rows)
+
+prepare transaction 'twophase_tab';
+ERROR:  cannot PREPARE a transaction that has operated on temporary tables
+begin;
+insert into twophase_tab values (1);
+prepare transaction 'twophase_tab';
+ERROR:  cannot PREPARE a transaction that has operated on temporary tables
+begin;
+lock twophase_tab in access exclusive mode;
+prepare transaction 'twophase_tab';
+ERROR:  cannot PREPARE a transaction that has operated on temporary tables
+begin;
+drop table twophase_tab;
+prepare transaction 'twophase_tab';
+ERROR:  cannot PREPARE a transaction that has operated on temporary tables
diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/temp.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/temp.sql
index 1beccc6ceb..1cd48153ec 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/sql/temp.sql
+++ b/src/test/regress/sql/temp.sql
@@ -224,3 +224,50 @@ select * from temp_inh_oncommit_test;
 -- one relation remains
 select relname from pg_class where relname like 'temp_inh_oncommit_test%';
 drop table temp_inh_oncommit_test;
+
+-- Tests with two-phase commit
+-- Transactions creating objects in a temporary namespace cannot be used
+-- with two-phase commit.
+
+-- These cases generate errors about temporary namespace.
+-- Function creation
+begin;
+create function pg_temp.twophase_func() returns void as
+  $$ select '2pc_func'::text $$ language sql;
+prepare transaction 'twophase_func';
+-- Function drop
+create function pg_temp.twophase_func() returns void as
+  $$ select '2pc_func'::text $$ language sql;
+begin;
+drop function pg_temp.twophase_func();
+prepare transaction 'twophase_func';
+-- Operator creation
+begin;
+create operator pg_temp.@@ (leftarg = int4, rightarg = int4, procedure = int4mi);
+prepare transaction 'twophase_operator';
+
+-- These generate errors about temporary tables.
+begin;
+create type pg_temp.twophase_type as (a int);
+prepare transaction 'twophase_type';
+begin;
+create view pg_temp.twophase_view as select 1;
+prepare transaction 'twophase_view';
+begin;
+create sequence pg_temp.twophase_seq;
+prepare transaction 'twophase_sequence';
+
+-- Temporary tables cannot be used with two-phase commit.
+create temp table twophase_tab (a int);
+begin;
+select a from twophase_tab;
+prepare transaction 'twophase_tab';
+begin;
+insert into twophase_tab values (1);
+prepare transaction 'twophase_tab';
+begin;
+lock twophase_tab in access exclusive mode;
+prepare transaction 'twophase_tab';
+begin;
+drop table twophase_tab;
+prepare transaction 'twophase_tab';
