diff --git a/configure b/configure
index bfc7a1f..7e1b74f 100755
*** a/configure
--- b/configure
***************
*** 20773,20779 **** LIBS=`echo "$LIBS" | sed -e 's/-ledit//g' -e 's/-lreadline//g'`
  
  
  
! for ac_func in crypt getopt getrusage inet_aton random rint srandom strdup strerror strlcat strlcpy strtol strtoul
  do
  as_ac_var=`$as_echo "ac_cv_func_$ac_func" | $as_tr_sh`
  { $as_echo "$as_me:$LINENO: checking for $ac_func" >&5
--- 20773,20780 ----
  
  
  
! 
! for ac_func in crypt fls getopt getrusage inet_aton random rint srandom strdup strerror strlcat strlcpy strtol strtoul
  do
  as_ac_var=`$as_echo "ac_cv_func_$ac_func" | $as_tr_sh`
  { $as_echo "$as_me:$LINENO: checking for $ac_func" >&5
diff --git a/conindex 54ca820..b684512 100644
*** a/configure.in
--- b/configure.in
***************
*** 1319,1325 **** fi
  pgac_save_LIBS="$LIBS"
  LIBS=`echo "$LIBS" | sed -e 's/-ledit//g' -e 's/-lreadline//g'`
  
! AC_REPLACE_FUNCS([crypt getopt getrusage inet_aton random rint srandom strdup strerror strlcat strlcpy strtol strtoul])
  
  case $host_os in
  
--- 1319,1325 ----
  pgac_save_LIBS="$LIBS"
  LIBS=`echo "$LIBS" | sed -e 's/-ledit//g' -e 's/-lreadline//g'`
  
! AC_REPLACE_FUNCS([crypt fls getopt getrusage inet_aton random rint srandom strdup strerror strlcat strlcpy strtol strtoul])
  
  case $host_os in
  
diff --git a/src/baindex ff4e304..1c84e87 100644
*** a/src/backend/utils/adt/date.c
--- b/src/backend/utils/adt/date.c
***************
*** 1210,1215 **** timetypmodout(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
--- 1210,1226 ----
  }
  
  
+ /* time_transform()
+  * Flatten calls to time_scale() and timetz_scale() that solely represent
+  * increases in allowed precision.
+  */
+ Datum
+ time_transform(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
+ {
+ 	PG_RETURN_POINTER(TemporalTransform(MAX_TIME_PRECISION,
+ 										(Node *) PG_GETARG_POINTER(0)));
+ }
+ 
  /* time_scale()
   * Adjust time type for specified scale factor.
   * Used by PostgreSQL type system to stuff columns.
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/index dad41fc..fd118c4 100644
*** a/src/backend/utils/adt/datetime.c
--- b/src/backend/utils/adt/datetime.c
***************
*** 23,28 ****
--- 23,30 ----
  #include "catalog/pg_type.h"
  #include "funcapi.h"
  #include "miscadmin.h"
+ #include "nodes/nodeFuncs.h"
+ #include "parser/parse_clause.h"
  #include "utils/builtins.h"
  #include "utils/date.h"
  #include "utils/datetime.h"
***************
*** 4142,4147 **** CheckDateTokenTables(void)
--- 4144,4182 ----
  }
  
  /*
+  * Helper for temporal protransform functions.  Types time, timetz, timestamp
+  * and timestamptz each have a range of allowed precisions.  An unspecified
+  * precision is rigorously equivalent to the highest specifiable precision.
+  */
+ Node *
+ TemporalTransform(int32 max_precis, Node *node)
+ {
+ 	FuncExpr   *expr = (FuncExpr *) node;
+ 	Node	   *typmod;
+ 	Node	   *ret = NULL;
+ 
+ 	if (!IsA(expr, FuncExpr))
+ 		return ret;
+ 
+ 	Assert(list_length(expr->args) == 2);
+ 	typmod = lsecond(expr->args);
+ 
+ 	if (IsA(typmod, Const))
+ 	{
+ 		Node	   *source = linitial(expr->args);
+ 		int32		old_precis = exprTypmod(source);
+ 		int32		new_precis = DatumGetInt32(((Const *) typmod)->constvalue);
+ 
+ 		if (new_precis == -1 ||
+ 			new_precis == max_precis ||
+ 			(old_precis != -1 && new_precis >= old_precis))
+ 			ret = relabel_to_typmod(source, new_precis);
+ 	}
+ 
+ 	return ret;
+ }
+ 
+ /*
   * This function gets called during timezone config file load or reload
   * to create the final array of timezone tokens.  The argument array
   * is already sorted in name order.  The data is converted to datetkn
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/timeindex 450dcd4..c7bd1e3 100644
*** a/src/backend/utils/adt/timestamp.c
--- b/src/backend/utils/adt/timestamp.c
***************
*** 27,32 ****
--- 27,34 ----
  #include "funcapi.h"
  #include "libpq/pqformat.h"
  #include "miscadmin.h"
+ #include "nodes/nodeFuncs.h"
+ #include "parser/parse_clause.h"
  #include "parser/scansup.h"
  #include "utils/array.h"
  #include "utils/builtins.h"
***************
*** 308,313 **** timestamptypmodout(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
--- 310,330 ----
  }
  
  
+ /* timestamp_transform()
+  * Flatten calls to timestamp_scale() and timestamptz_scale() that solely
+  * represent increases in allowed precision.
+  */
+ Datum
+ timestamp_transform(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
+ {
+ 	/*
+ 	 * timestamp_scale throws an error when the typmod is out of range, but we
+ 	 * can't get there from a cast: our typmodin will have caught it already.
+ 	 */
+ 	PG_RETURN_POINTER(TemporalTransform(MAX_TIMESTAMP_PRECISION,
+ 										(Node *) PG_GETARG_POINTER(0)));
+ }
+ 
  /* timestamp_scale()
   * Adjust time type for specified scale factor.
   * Used by PostgreSQL type system to stuff columns.
***************
*** 745,750 **** interval_send(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
--- 762,779 ----
  	PG_RETURN_BYTEA_P(pq_endtypsend(&buf));
  }
  
+ /*
+  * The interval typmod stores a "range" in its high 16 bits and a "precision"
+  * in its low 16 bits.  Both contribute to defining the resolution of the
+  * type.  Range addresses resolution granules larger than one second, and
+  * precision specifies resolution below one second.  This representation can
+  * express all SQL standard resolutions, but we implement them all in terms of
+  * truncating rightward from some position.  Range is a bitmap of permitted
+  * fields, but only the temporally-smallest such field is significant to our
+  * calculations.  Precision is a count of sub-second decimal places to retain.
+  * Setting all bits (INTERVAL_FULL_PRECISION) gives the same truncation
+  * semantics as choosing MAX_INTERVAL_PRECISION.
+  */
  Datum
  intervaltypmodin(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
  {
***************
*** 901,906 **** intervaltypmodout(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
--- 930,993 ----
  }
  
  
+ /* interval_transform()
+ 
+  * Flatten superfluous calls to interval_scale().  The interval typmod is
+  * complex to permit accepting and regurgitating all SQL standard variations.
+  * For truncation purposes, it boils down to a single, simple granularity.
+  */
+ Datum
+ interval_transform(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
+ {
+ 	FuncExpr   *expr = (FuncExpr *) PG_GETARG_POINTER(0);
+ 	Node	   *typmod;
+ 	Node	   *ret = NULL;
+ 
+ 	if (!IsA(expr, FuncExpr))
+ 		PG_RETURN_POINTER(ret);
+ 
+ 	Assert(list_length(expr->args) == 2);
+ 	typmod = lsecond(expr->args);
+ 
+ 	if (IsA(typmod, Const))
+ 	{
+ 		Node	   *source = linitial(expr->args);
+ 		int32		old_typmod = exprTypmod(source);
+ 		int32		new_typmod = DatumGetInt32(((Const *) typmod)->constvalue);
+ 		int			old_range;
+ 		int			old_precis;
+ 		int			new_range = INTERVAL_RANGE(new_typmod);
+ 		int			new_precis = INTERVAL_PRECISION(new_typmod);
+ 		int			new_range_fls;
+ 
+ 		if (old_typmod == -1)
+ 		{
+ 			old_range = INTERVAL_FULL_RANGE;
+ 			old_precis = INTERVAL_FULL_PRECISION;
+ 		}
+ 		else
+ 		{
+ 			old_range = INTERVAL_RANGE(old_typmod);
+ 			old_precis = INTERVAL_PRECISION(old_typmod);
+ 		}
+ 
+ 		/*
+ 		 * Temporally-smaller fields occupy higher positions in the range
+ 		 * bitmap.  Since only the temporally-smallest bit matters for length
+ 		 * coercion purposes, we compare the last-set bits in the ranges.
+ 		 */
+ 		new_range_fls = fls(new_range);
+ 		if (new_typmod == -1 ||
+ 			((new_range_fls >= SECOND ||
+ 			  new_range_fls >= fls(old_range)) &&
+ 			 (new_precis >= MAX_INTERVAL_PRECISION ||
+ 			  new_precis >= old_precis)))
+ 			ret = relabel_to_typmod(source, new_typmod);
+ 	}
+ 
+ 	PG_RETURN_POINTER(ret);
+ }
+ 
  /* interval_scale()
   * Adjust interval type for specified fields.
   * Used by PostgreSQL type system to stuff columns.
diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_procindex c893c3a..49cde6b 100644
*** a/src/include/catalog/pg_proc.h
--- b/src/include/catalog/pg_proc.h
***************
*** 1253,1259 **** DESCR("date difference preserving months and years");
  
  /* OIDS 1200 - 1299 */
  
! DATA(insert OID = 1200 (  interval			PGNSP PGUID 12 1 0 0 0 f f f t f i 2 0 1186 "1186 23" _null_ _null_ _null_ _null_ interval_scale _null_ _null_ _null_ ));
  DESCR("adjust interval precision");
  
  DATA(insert OID = 1215 (  obj_description	PGNSP PGUID 14 100 0 0 0 f f f t f s 2 0 25 "26 19" _null_ _null_ _null_ _null_ "select description from pg_catalog.pg_description where objoid = $1 and classoid = (select oid from pg_catalog.pg_class where relname = $2 and relnamespace = PGNSP) and objsubid = 0" _null_ _null_ _null_ ));
--- 1253,1261 ----
  
  /* OIDS 1200 - 1299 */
  
! DATA(insert OID = 3148 (  interval_transform PGNSP PGUID 12 1 0 0 0 f f f t f i 1 0 2281 "2281" _null_ _null_ _null_ _null_ interval_transform _null_ _null_ _null_ ));
! DESCR("transform an interval length coercion");
! DATA(insert OID = 1200 (  interval			PGNSP PGUID 12 1 0 0 3148 f f f t f i 2 0 1186 "1186 23" _null_ _null_ _null_ _null_ interval_scale _null_ _null_ _null_ ));
  DESCR("adjust interval precision");
  
  DATA(insert OID = 1215 (  obj_description	PGNSP PGUID 14 100 0 0 0 f f f t f s 2 0 25 "26 19" _null_ _null_ _null_ _null_ "select description from pg_catalog.pg_description where objoid = $1 and classoid = (select oid from pg_catalog.pg_class where relname = $2 and relnamespace = PGNSP) and objsubid = 0" _null_ _null_ _null_ ));
***************
*** 2712,2718 **** DATA(insert OID = 1953 (  byteane		   PGNSP PGUID 12 1 0 0 0 f f f t f i 2 0 16
  DATA(insert OID = 1954 (  byteacmp		   PGNSP PGUID 12 1 0 0 0 f f f t f i 2 0 23 "17 17" _null_ _null_ _null_ _null_ byteacmp _null_ _null_ _null_ ));
  DESCR("less-equal-greater");
  
! DATA(insert OID = 1961 (  timestamp		   PGNSP PGUID 12 1 0 0 0 f f f t f i 2 0 1114 "1114 23" _null_ _null_ _null_ _null_ timestamp_scale _null_ _null_ _null_ ));
  DESCR("adjust timestamp precision");
  
  DATA(insert OID = 1965 (  oidlarger		   PGNSP PGUID 12 1 0 0 0 f f f t f i 2 0 26 "26 26" _null_ _null_ _null_ _null_ oidlarger _null_ _null_ _null_ ));
--- 2714,2722 ----
  DATA(insert OID = 1954 (  byteacmp		   PGNSP PGUID 12 1 0 0 0 f f f t f i 2 0 23 "17 17" _null_ _null_ _null_ _null_ byteacmp _null_ _null_ _null_ ));
  DESCR("less-equal-greater");
  
! DATA(insert OID = 3147 (  timestamp_transform PGNSP PGUID 12 1 0 0 0 f f f t f i 1 0 2281 "2281" _null_ _null_ _null_ _null_ timestamp_transform _null_ _null_ _null_ ));
! DESCR("transform a timestamp length coercion");
! DATA(insert OID = 1961 (  timestamp		   PGNSP PGUID 12 1 0 0 3147 f f f t f i 2 0 1114 "1114 23" _null_ _null_ _null_ _null_ timestamp_scale _null_ _null_ _null_ ));
  DESCR("adjust timestamp precision");
  
  DATA(insert OID = 1965 (  oidlarger		   PGNSP PGUID 12 1 0 0 0 f f f t f i 2 0 26 "26 26" _null_ _null_ _null_ _null_ oidlarger _null_ _null_ _null_ ));
***************
*** 2720,2730 **** DESCR("larger of two");
  DATA(insert OID = 1966 (  oidsmaller	   PGNSP PGUID 12 1 0 0 0 f f f t f i 2 0 26 "26 26" _null_ _null_ _null_ _null_ oidsmaller _null_ _null_ _null_ ));
  DESCR("smaller of two");
  
! DATA(insert OID = 1967 (  timestamptz	   PGNSP PGUID 12 1 0 0 0 f f f t f i 2 0 1184 "1184 23" _null_ _null_ _null_ _null_ timestamptz_scale _null_ _null_ _null_ ));
  DESCR("adjust timestamptz precision");
! DATA(insert OID = 1968 (  time			   PGNSP PGUID 12 1 0 0 0 f f f t f i 2 0 1083 "1083 23" _null_ _null_ _null_ _null_ time_scale _null_ _null_ _null_ ));
  DESCR("adjust time precision");
! DATA(insert OID = 1969 (  timetz		   PGNSP PGUID 12 1 0 0 0 f f f t f i 2 0 1266 "1266 23" _null_ _null_ _null_ _null_ timetz_scale _null_ _null_ _null_ ));
  DESCR("adjust time with time zone precision");
  
  DATA(insert OID = 2003 (  textanycat	   PGNSP PGUID 14 1 0 0 0 f f f t f v 2 0 25 "25 2776" _null_ _null_ _null_ _null_ "select $1 || $2::pg_catalog.text" _null_ _null_ _null_ ));
--- 2724,2736 ----
  DATA(insert OID = 1966 (  oidsmaller	   PGNSP PGUID 12 1 0 0 0 f f f t f i 2 0 26 "26 26" _null_ _null_ _null_ _null_ oidsmaller _null_ _null_ _null_ ));
  DESCR("smaller of two");
  
! DATA(insert OID = 1967 (  timestamptz	   PGNSP PGUID 12 1 0 0 3147 f f f t f i 2 0 1184 "1184 23" _null_ _null_ _null_ _null_ timestamptz_scale _null_ _null_ _null_ ));
  DESCR("adjust timestamptz precision");
! DATA(insert OID = 3146 (  time_transform   PGNSP PGUID 12 1 0 0 0 f f f t f i 1 0 2281 "2281" _null_ _null_ _null_ _null_ time_transform _null_ _null_ _null_ ));
! DESCR("transform a time length coercion");
! DATA(insert OID = 1968 (  time			   PGNSP PGUID 12 1 0 0 3146 f f f t f i 2 0 1083 "1083 23" _null_ _null_ _null_ _null_ time_scale _null_ _null_ _null_ ));
  DESCR("adjust time precision");
! DATA(insert OID = 1969 (  timetz		   PGNSP PGUID 12 1 0 0 3146 f f f t f i 2 0 1266 "1266 23" _null_ _null_ _null_ _null_ timetz_scale _null_ _null_ _null_ ));
  DESCR("adjust time with time zone precision");
  
  DATA(insert OID = 2003 (  textanycat	   PGNSP PGUID 14 1 0 0 0 f f f t f v 2 0 25 "25 2776" _null_ _null_ _null_ _null_ "select $1 || $2::pg_catalog.text" _null_ _null_ _null_ ));
diff --git a/src/include/pg_config.hindex ef467b7..0411716 100644
*** a/src/include/pg_config.h.in
--- b/src/include/pg_config.h.in
***************
*** 158,163 ****
--- 158,166 ----
  /* Define to 1 if you have the `fdatasync' function. */
  #undef HAVE_FDATASYNC
  
+ /* Define to 1 if you have the `fls' function. */
+ #undef HAVE_FLS
+ 
  /* Define to 1 if you have the `fpclass' function. */
  #undef HAVE_FPCLASS
  
diff --git a/src/include/port.h bindex eceb4bf..edcc41f 100644
*** a/src/include/port.h
--- b/src/include/port.h
***************
*** 396,401 **** extern double pg_erand48(unsigned short xseed[3]);
--- 396,405 ----
  extern long pg_lrand48(void);
  extern void pg_srand48(long seed);
  
+ #ifndef HAVE_FLS
+ extern int fls(int mask);
+ #endif
+ 
  #ifndef HAVE_FSEEKO
  #define fseeko(a, b, c) fseek(a, b, c)
  #define ftello(a)		ftell(a)
diff --git a/src/include/index 13e0db4..cc6f381 100644
*** a/src/include/utils/date.h
--- b/src/include/utils/date.h
***************
*** 154,159 **** extern Datum time_recv(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS);
--- 154,160 ----
  extern Datum time_send(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS);
  extern Datum timetypmodin(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS);
  extern Datum timetypmodout(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS);
+ extern Datum time_transform(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS);
  extern Datum time_scale(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS);
  extern Datum time_eq(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS);
  extern Datum time_ne(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS);
diff --git a/src/include/utils/index cd9edda..a3d90fe 100644
*** a/src/include/utils/datetime.h
--- b/src/include/utils/datetime.h
***************
*** 16,21 ****
--- 16,22 ----
  #ifndef DATETIME_H
  #define DATETIME_H
  
+ #include "nodes/nodes.h"
  #include "utils/timestamp.h"
  
  /* this struct is declared in utils/tzparser.h: */
***************
*** 298,303 **** extern int	DecodeUnits(int field, char *lowtoken, int *val);
--- 299,306 ----
  
  extern int	j2day(int jd);
  
+ extern Node *TemporalTransform(int32 max_precis, Node *node);
+ 
  extern bool CheckDateTokenTables(void);
  
  extern void ConvertTimeZoneAbbrevs(TimeZoneAbbrevTable *tbl,
diff --git a/src/include/utils/timeindex 7661744..4006504 100644
*** a/src/include/utils/timestamp.h
--- b/src/include/utils/timestamp.h
***************
*** 100,105 **** extern Datum timestamp_recv(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS);
--- 100,106 ----
  extern Datum timestamp_send(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS);
  extern Datum timestamptypmodin(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS);
  extern Datum timestamptypmodout(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS);
+ extern Datum timestamp_transform(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS);
  extern Datum timestamp_scale(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS);
  extern Datum timestamp_eq(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS);
  extern Datum timestamp_ne(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS);
***************
*** 136,141 **** extern Datum interval_recv(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS);
--- 137,143 ----
  extern Datum interval_send(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS);
  extern Datum intervaltypmodin(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS);
  extern Datum intervaltypmodout(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS);
+ extern Datum interval_transform(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS);
  extern Datum interval_scale(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS);
  extern Datum interval_eq(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS);
  extern Datum interval_ne(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS);
diff --git a/src/port/fls.c b/src/ponew file mode 100644
index 0000000..53b2b15
*** /dev/null
--- b/src/port/fls.c
***************
*** 0 ****
--- 1,51 ----
+ /*
+  * src/port/fls.c
+  *
+  *	$FreeBSD: /usr/local/www/cvsroot/FreeBSD/src/lib/libc/string/fls.c,v 1.3 2007/01/09 00:28:12 imp Exp $
+  */
+ 
+ /*-
+  * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993
+  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
+  *
+  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+  * are met:
+  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
+  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
+  *    without specific prior written permission.
+  *
+  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
+  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+  * SUCH DAMAGE.
+  */
+ 
+ #include "c.h"
+ 
+ /*
+  * Find Last Set bit
+  */
+ int
+ fls(int mask)
+ {
+ 	int bit;
+ 
+ 	if (mask == 0)
+ 		return (0);
+ 	for (bit = 1; mask != 1; bit++)
+ 		mask = (unsigned int)mask >> 1;
+ 	return (bit);
+ }
diff --git a/src/testindex 301cc4b..323db24 100644