create extension if not exists cube;

begin transaction;
SELECT setseed(.43);

\timing

create table dataTable as select cube(array[random(),random(),random()]) c, 1::float as x1, 1::float as x2, 1::float as x3, 1::float as x4 from generate_series(1,3e6,1) s;
create index idx on dataTable using gist(c);

create table regions as select cube(array[x,y,z],array[x+0.1,y+0.01,z+0.01]) c, row_number() over() as nx from (select random() x,random() y, random() z from generate_series(1,3e5,1) s) q;
create index idx1 on regions using gist(c);

set max_parallel_workers_per_gather = 0;

explain analyze select 
	sum(a.x1) as x1, sum(a.x2) as x2, sum(a.x3) as x3, sum(a.x4) as x4
from dataTable a
join regions r
    on 
	r.c @> a.c
group by r.nx;

explain analyze select 
	sum(a.x1) as x1, sum(a.x2) as x2, sum(a.x3) as x3, sum(a.x4) as x4
from dataTable a
join regions r
    on 
	r.c && a.c
group by r.nx;

commit;