diff --git a/src/backend/replication/logical/conflict.c b/src/backend/replication/logical/conflict.c
index d140f6b160a..fffbcb10198 100644
--- a/src/backend/replication/logical/conflict.c
+++ b/src/backend/replication/logical/conflict.c
@@ -1032,7 +1032,14 @@ tuple_table_slot_to_indextup_json(EState *estate, Relation localrel,
 
 	build_index_datums_from_slot(estate, localrel, slot, indexDesc, values,
 								 isnull);
-	tupdesc = CreateTupleDescCopy(RelationGetDescr(indexDesc));
+
+	/*
+	 * Copy only the index's key attributes. FormIndexDatum() above also fills
+	 * in any non-key (INCLUDE) columns, but those are not part of the replica
+	 * identity and must not be recorded here.
+	 */
+	tupdesc = CreateTupleDescTruncatedCopy(RelationGetDescr(indexDesc),
+										   IndexRelationGetNumberOfKeyAttributes(indexDesc));
 
 	/* Bless the tupdesc so it can be looked up by row_to_json. */
 	BlessTupleDesc(tupdesc);