From cd29f17dd3422c1f54e3996956f74c8e0403c055 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jim Jones <jim.jones@uni-muenster.de>
Date: Mon, 15 Jun 2026 20:21:42 +0200
Subject: [PATCH v12] Add XMLDocument function (SQL/XML X030)

This patch adds the SQL/XML X030 function XMLDocument. It returns
an XML document from a given XML expression. An XML document node
can have any number of children nodes. Since our XML data type
corresponds to XML(CONTENT(ANY)), any expression already validated
by the input function is considered valid output for XMLDocument.
As a result, this function simply returns its input value. While
this implementation is quite trivial, it follows the SQL/XML
standard and facilitates the migration of SQL statements from
other database systems that also support X030.

Usage:

WITH t(x) AS (
  VALUES
    (xmlparse(DOCUMENT '<root><foo>bar</foo></root>')),
    (xmlforest(42 AS foo, 73 AS bar)),
    (NULL)
)
SELECT xmldocument(x) FROM t;

         xmldocument
-----------------------------
 <root><foo>bar</foo></root>
 <foo>42</foo><bar>73</bar>

(3 rows)

This patch also adds documentation and tests.

Author: Jim Jones <jim.jones@uni-muenster.de>
Reviewed-by: Chapman Flack <jcflack@acm.org>
Reviewed-by: Pavel Stehule <pavel.stehule@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Robert Treat <rob@xzilla.net>
Reviewed-by: Andrew Dunstan <andrew@dunslane.net>
---
 doc/src/sgml/func/func-xml.sgml      | 54 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 src/backend/catalog/sql_features.txt |  2 +-
 src/backend/utils/adt/xml.c          | 18 +++++++++
 src/include/catalog/pg_proc.dat      |  3 ++
 src/test/regress/expected/xml.out    | 58 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 src/test/regress/sql/xml.sql         | 19 +++++++++
 6 files changed, 153 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/func/func-xml.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/func/func-xml.sgml
index 511bc90852a..00bf8c90081 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/func/func-xml.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/func/func-xml.sgml
@@ -93,6 +93,60 @@ SELECT xmlcomment('hello');
     </para>
    </sect3>
 
+   <sect3 id="functions-producing-xml-xmldocument">
+    <title><literal>xmldocument</literal></title>
+
+    <indexterm>
+     <primary>xmldocument</primary>
+    </indexterm>
+
+<synopsis>
+<function>xmldocument</function> ( <type>xml</type> ) <returnvalue>xml</returnvalue>
+</synopsis>
+
+    <para>
+     The <function>xmldocument</function> function returns the input argument
+     unchanged, or <literal>NULL</literal> if the argument is <literal>NULL</literal>,
+     and is provided for compatibility.
+
+     The SQL-standard <replaceable>XMLDocument</replaceable> function applied to an
+     XML value <literal>$EXPR</literal>, has effects equivalent to the XML
+     Query expression <literal>document { <replaceable>$EXPR</replaceable> }</literal>.
+     It replaces any document nodes in the input with their children and wraps the whole
+     result in a single <replaceable>document node</replaceable>.
+
+     In the XML Query standard, a <replaceable>document node</replaceable> represents
+     a relaxed version of an XML document structure. This corresponds to what PostgreSQL's
+     single XML type allows, meaning that any valid non-null PostgreSQL XML value can be
+     returned unchanged. Other systems may support more permissive XML data types,
+     such as <literal>XML(SEQUENCE)</literal>, which allow values that do not conform to
+     this structure. In PostgreSQL, every valid non-null value of the XML type already has
+     that structure, making additional processing by this function unnecessary.
+    </para>
+
+    <para>
+     Example:
+<screen><![CDATA[
+WITH xmldata (val) AS (
+  VALUES
+    (xmlparse(DOCUMENT '<root><foo>bar</foo></root>')),
+    (xmltext('foo&bar')),
+    (xmlelement(NAME el)),
+    (xmlforest(42 AS foo, 73 AS bar))
+)
+SELECT xmldocument(val) FROM xmldata;
+
+         xmldocument
+-----------------------------
+ <root><foo>bar</foo></root>
+ foo&amp;bar
+ <el/>
+ <foo>42</foo><bar>73</bar>
+(4 rows)
+]]></screen>
+    </para>
+   </sect3>
+
    <sect3 id="functions-producing-xml-xmlconcat">
     <title><literal>xmlconcat</literal></title>
 
diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/sql_features.txt b/src/backend/catalog/sql_features.txt
index 626054cbcef..cfcb159530d 100644
--- a/src/backend/catalog/sql_features.txt
+++ b/src/backend/catalog/sql_features.txt
@@ -725,7 +725,7 @@ X015	Fields of XML type			NO
 X016	Persistent XML values			YES	
 X020	XMLConcat			YES	
 X025	XMLCast			NO	
-X030	XMLDocument			NO	
+X030	XMLDocument			YES	supported except for RETURNING
 X031	XMLElement			YES	
 X032	XMLForest			YES	
 X034	XMLAgg			YES	
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/xml.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/xml.c
index 0953ad2becb..2c6bf98a89e 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/xml.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/xml.c
@@ -523,6 +523,24 @@ xmlcomment(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 }
 
 
+/*
+ * xmldocument implements the SQL/XML function XMLDocument (X030).
+ * Since our XML data type corresponds to XML(CONTENT(ANY)), any
+ * expression already validated by the input function is considered
+ * valid output for XMLDocument. As a result, this function simply
+ * returns its input value.
+ */
+Datum
+xmldocument(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
+{
+#ifdef USE_LIBXML
+	PG_RETURN_DATUM(PG_GETARG_DATUM(0));
+#else
+	NO_XML_SUPPORT();
+	return 0;
+#endif							/* not USE_LIBXML */
+}
+
 Datum
 xmltext(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 {
diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_proc.dat b/src/include/catalog/pg_proc.dat
index be157a5fbe9..6d875de8a94 100644
--- a/src/include/catalog/pg_proc.dat
+++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_proc.dat
@@ -9283,6 +9283,9 @@
 { oid => '3813', descr => 'generate XML text node',
   proname => 'xmltext', prorettype => 'xml', proargtypes => 'text',
   prosrc => 'xmltext' },
+{ oid => '3814', descr => 'generate XML document',
+  proname => 'xmldocument', prorettype => 'xml', proargtypes => 'xml',
+  prosrc => 'xmldocument' },
 
 { oid => '2923', descr => 'map table contents to XML',
   proname => 'table_to_xml', procost => '100', provolatile => 's',
diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/xml.out b/src/test/regress/expected/xml.out
index fb3e0ec41b2..8139c5eba79 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/expected/xml.out
+++ b/src/test/regress/expected/xml.out
@@ -1891,3 +1891,61 @@ SELECT xmltext('x'|| '<P>73</P>'::xml || .42 || true || 'j'::char);
  x&lt;P&gt;73&lt;/P&gt;0.42truej
 (1 row)
 
+SELECT
+  xmldocument(
+    xmlelement(NAME root,
+      xmlattributes(42 AS att),
+      xmlcomment('comment'),
+      xmlelement(NAME foo,'<foo&bar>'),
+      xmlelement(NAME bar, xmlconcat('va', 'lue')),
+      xmlpi(name pi),
+      xmlelement(NAME txt, xmltext('<"&>'))
+    )
+  );
+                                                      xmldocument                                                       
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ <root att="42"><!--comment--><foo>&lt;foo&amp;bar&gt;</foo><bar>value</bar><?pi?><txt>&lt;&quot;&amp;&gt;</txt></root>
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT xmldocument(NULL);
+ xmldocument 
+-------------
+ 
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT xmldocument('<foo>bar</foo>'::xml);
+  xmldocument   
+----------------
+ <foo>bar</foo>
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT xmldocument('foo'::xml);
+ xmldocument 
+-------------
+ foo
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT xmldocument('foo');
+ xmldocument 
+-------------
+ foo
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT xmldocument('');
+ xmldocument 
+-------------
+ 
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT xmldocument(' ');
+ xmldocument 
+-------------
+  
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT xmldocument(xmlcomment('comment'));
+  xmldocument   
+----------------
+ <!--comment-->
+(1 row)
+
diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/xml.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/xml.sql
index aafd39433a6..ce55de782b7 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/sql/xml.sql
+++ b/src/test/regress/sql/xml.sql
@@ -685,3 +685,22 @@ SELECT xmltext('  ');
 SELECT xmltext('foo `$_-+?=*^%!|/\()[]{}');
 SELECT xmltext('foo & <"bar">');
 SELECT xmltext('x'|| '<P>73</P>'::xml || .42 || true || 'j'::char);
+
+SELECT
+  xmldocument(
+    xmlelement(NAME root,
+      xmlattributes(42 AS att),
+      xmlcomment('comment'),
+      xmlelement(NAME foo,'<foo&bar>'),
+      xmlelement(NAME bar, xmlconcat('va', 'lue')),
+      xmlpi(name pi),
+      xmlelement(NAME txt, xmltext('<"&>'))
+    )
+  );
+SELECT xmldocument(NULL);
+SELECT xmldocument('<foo>bar</foo>'::xml);
+SELECT xmldocument('foo'::xml);
+SELECT xmldocument('foo');
+SELECT xmldocument('');
+SELECT xmldocument(' ');
+SELECT xmldocument(xmlcomment('comment'));
-- 
2.54.0

