From 4f66a8a93e6090fd2d127be0972615297ec48c0f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Nazir Bilal Yavuz <byavuz81@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 25 May 2026 14:28:42 +0300
Subject: [PATCH v2] Add GitHub Actions yaml file

Cirrus CI is shutting down. This is an initial attempt to get a GitHub
Actions CI working.
---
 .github/workflows/ci.yml | 1125 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 1125 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 .github/workflows/ci.yml

diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6d20068727c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,1125 @@
+# GitHub Actions CI configuration for PostgreSQL
+
+name: Github Actions CI
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches: [ "*" ]
+
+# Default to the minimum privilege the jobs need (just reading the repo
+# contents during checkout). Individual jobs override this when they need
+# more, e.g. `cancel-previous` needs `actions: write` to cancel runs.
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
+# NB: intentionally NO workflow-level `concurrency:` block. The native
+# concurrency mechanism makes a new run wait for the previous one to fully
+# cancel before it starts — which can take a while. Instead the
+# `cancel-previous` job below fires a cancel API call asynchronously,
+# so the new run gets going immediately. On master the cancel job is skipped,
+# so every push runs to completion.
+
+env:
+  # The lower depth accelerates git clone. Use a bit of depth so that
+  # concurrent jobs and retrying older runs have a chance of working.
+  CLONE_DEPTH: 500
+
+  CCACHE_MAXSIZE: "250M"
+
+  # check target for the autoconf builds
+  CHECK: check-world PROVE_FLAGS=--timer
+  CHECKFLAGS: -Otarget
+
+  # Build test dependencies as part of the build step, to see compiler
+  # errors/warnings in one place.
+  MBUILD_TARGET: all testprep
+  MTEST_ARGS: --print-errorlogs --no-rebuild -C build
+  PGCTLTIMEOUT: 120  # avoids spurious failures during parallel tests
+  TEMP_CONFIG: ${{ github.workspace }}/src/tools/ci/pg_ci_base.conf
+  PG_TEST_EXTRA: kerberos ldap ssl libpq_encryption load_balance oauth
+
+  # Postgres config args for the meson builds, shared between all meson tasks
+  # except the 'SanityCheck' task
+  MESON_COMMON_PG_CONFIG_ARGS: -Dcassert=true -Dinjection_points=true
+
+  # Meson feature flags shared by all meson tasks, except:
+  # SanityCheck: uses almost no dependencies.
+  # Windows - VS: has fewer dependencies than listed here, so defines its own.
+  # Linux: uses the 'auto' feature option to test meson feature autodetection.
+  MESON_COMMON_FEATURES: >-
+    -Dauto_features=disabled
+    -Dldap=enabled
+    -Dssl=openssl
+    -Dtap_tests=enabled
+    -Dplperl=enabled
+    -Dplpython=enabled
+    -Ddocs=enabled
+    -Dicu=enabled
+    -Dlibxml=enabled
+    -Dlibxslt=enabled
+    -Dlz4=enabled
+    -Dpltcl=enabled
+    -Dreadline=enabled
+    -Dzlib=enabled
+    -Dzstd=enabled
+
+  # Shared between the Linux autoconf job and the CompilerWarnings jobs
+  LINUX_CONFIGURE_FEATURES: >-
+    --with-gssapi
+    --with-icu
+    --with-ldap
+    --with-libcurl
+    --with-libxml
+    --with-libxslt
+    --with-llvm
+    --with-lz4
+    --with-pam
+    --with-perl
+    --with-python
+    --with-selinux
+    --with-ssl=openssl
+    --with-systemd
+    --with-tcl --with-tclconfig=/usr/lib/tcl8.6/
+    --with-uuid=ossp
+    --with-zstd
+
+  # Debian Trixie container image used by all Linux jobs. Built by
+  # 'https://github.com/anarazel/pg-vm-images/'.
+  LINUX_CI_IMAGE: us-docker.pkg.dev/pg-ci-images/ci/linux_debian_trixie_ci:latest
+
+  # The full set of OS / job selectors recognized by the `ci-os-only:`
+  # commit-message directive parsed in the `setup` job below.
+  CI_OS_ONLY_JOBS: "linux macos windows mingw compilerwarnings sanitycheck"
+
+
+jobs:
+  # Cancel any older in-progress runs of this workflow on the same branch.
+  # Skipped on master so every push there runs to completion.
+  cancel-previous:
+    name: Cancel previous runs
+    if: github.ref != 'refs/heads/master'
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    timeout-minutes: 1
+    permissions:
+      actions: write
+    steps:
+      - name: Cancel
+        env:
+          GH_TOKEN: ${{ github.token }}
+          REPO: ${{ github.repository }}
+        run: |
+          # Look up this run's workflow id to cancel them.
+          workflow_id=$(gh run view "${{ github.run_id }}" -R "$REPO" \
+            --json workflowDatabaseId --jq .workflowDatabaseId)
+          gh run list \
+            -R "$REPO" \
+            --workflow="$workflow_id" \
+            --branch="${{ github.ref_name }}" \
+            --status=in_progress \
+            --json databaseId \
+            --jq '.[].databaseId' \
+            --limit 50 \
+          | while read -r id; do
+              if [ "$id" != "${{ github.run_id }}" ]; then
+                echo "Cancelling run $id"
+                gh run cancel "$id" -R "$REPO"
+              fi
+            done
+
+  # Parse "ci-os-only: ..." from the commit message and expose flags
+  # consumed by the per-OS job `if:` conditions.
+  setup:
+    name: Determine enabled OSes
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    timeout-minutes: 1
+    outputs:
+      linux: ${{ steps.os.outputs.linux }}
+      macos: ${{ steps.os.outputs.macos }}
+      windows: ${{ steps.os.outputs.windows }}
+      mingw: ${{ steps.os.outputs.mingw }}
+      compilerwarnings: ${{ steps.os.outputs.compilerwarnings }}
+      sanitycheck: ${{ steps.os.outputs.sanitycheck }}
+      # Re-export workflow-level env vars that other jobs need to reference
+      # from contexts (e.g. `jobs.<id>.container.image`) where the `env`
+      # context is not available.
+      linux_ci_image: ${{ env.LINUX_CI_IMAGE }}
+    steps:
+      - id: os
+        env:
+          MSG: ${{ github.event.head_commit.message }}
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          set -e
+          all_os="${CI_OS_ONLY_JOBS}"
+          if printf '%s\n' "$MSG" | grep -qE '^ci-os-only: '; then
+            sel=$(printf '%s\n' "$MSG" | grep -E '^ci-os-only: ' | head -1 | sed 's/^ci-os-only: //')
+            echo "ci-os-only selection: $sel"
+          else
+            sel="$all_os"
+          fi
+          for o in $all_os; do
+            if echo " $sel " | grep -qE "[ ,]$o[ ,]"; then
+              echo "$o=true" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+            else
+              echo "$o=false" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+            fi
+          done
+          cat "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+
+
+  # To avoid unnecessarily spinning up a lot of VMs / containers for entirely
+  # broken commits, have a minimal task that all others depend on.
+  #
+  # SPECIAL:
+  # - Builds with --auto-features=disabled and thus almost no enabled
+  #   dependencies
+  sanity-check:
+    name: SanityCheck
+    needs: setup
+    if: needs.setup.outputs.sanitycheck == 'true'
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    timeout-minutes: 15
+    container:
+      image: ${{ needs.setup.outputs.linux_ci_image }}
+    env:
+      BUILD_JOBS: 8
+      TEST_JOBS: 8
+      CCACHE_DIR: ${{ github.workspace }}/ccache_dir
+      # no options enabled, should be small
+      CCACHE_MAXSIZE: "150M"
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: ${{ env.CLONE_DEPTH }}
+
+      - name: Restore ccache
+        uses: actions/cache@v5
+        with:
+          path: ${{ env.CCACHE_DIR }}
+          key: ccache-sanitycheck-${{ github.run_id }}
+          restore-keys: ccache-sanitycheck-
+
+      - name: Prepare workspace
+        run: |
+          whoami
+          useradd -m postgres
+          chown -R postgres:postgres .
+          mkdir -p "$CCACHE_DIR"
+          chown -R postgres:postgres "$CCACHE_DIR"
+          # Can't change the container's kernel.core_pattern; the postgres
+          # user can't write to / normally. Make / writable.
+          chown root:postgres /
+          chmod g+rwx /
+
+      - name: Configure
+        run: |
+          su postgres <<-'EOF'
+            set -e
+            meson setup \
+              --buildtype=debug \
+              --auto-features=disabled \
+              -Ddefault_library=shared \
+              -Dtap_tests=enabled \
+              build
+          EOF
+
+      - name: Build
+        run: |
+          su postgres <<EOF
+            set -e
+            ninja -C build -j${BUILD_JOBS} ${MBUILD_TARGET}
+          EOF
+
+      # Run a minimal set of tests. The main regression tests take too long
+      # for this purpose. For now this is a random quick pg_regress style
+      # test, and a tap test that exercises both a frontend binary and the
+      # backend.
+      - name: Test
+        run: |
+          su postgres <<EOF
+            set -e
+            ulimit -c unlimited
+            meson test ${MTEST_ARGS} --suite setup
+            meson test ${MTEST_ARGS} --num-processes ${TEST_JOBS} \
+              cube/regress pg_ctl/001_start_stop
+          EOF
+
+      - name: Core backtraces
+        if: failure()
+        run: |
+          mkdir -m 770 /tmp/cores
+          find / -maxdepth 1 -type f -name 'core*' -exec mv '{}' /tmp/cores/ \;
+          src/tools/ci/cores_backtrace.sh linux /tmp/cores
+
+      - name: Upload logs
+        if: failure()
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v7
+        with:
+          name: sanitycheck-logs-${{ github.run_id }}
+          path: |
+            build*/testrun/**/*.log
+            build*/testrun/**/*.diffs
+            build*/testrun/**/regress_log_*
+            build*/meson-logs/*.txt
+          if-no-files-found: ignore
+
+
+  # SPECIAL:
+  # - Uses address sanitizer (sanitizer failures are typically printed in
+  #   the server log)
+  # - Configures postgres with a small segment size
+  #
+  # Enable a reasonable set of sanitizers. Use the linux task for that, as
+  # it's one of the fastest tasks (without sanitizers). Also several of the
+  # sanitizers work best on linux.
+  #
+  # The overhead of alignment sanitizer is low, undefined behaviour has
+  # moderate overhead. Test alignment sanitizer in the meson task, as it
+  # does both 32 and 64 bit builds and is thus more likely to expose
+  # alignment bugs.
+  #
+  # Address sanitizer in contrast is somewhat expensive. Enable it in the
+  # autoconf task, as the meson task tests both 32 and 64bit.
+  #
+  # disable_coredump=0, abort_on_error=1: for useful backtraces in case of crashes
+  # print_stacktraces=1,verbosity=2, duh
+  # detect_leaks=0: too many uninteresting leak errors in short-lived binaries
+  linux-autoconf:
+    name: Linux - Debian Trixie - Autoconf
+    needs: [setup, sanity-check]
+    if: |
+      !cancelled() &&
+      needs.setup.outputs.linux == 'true' &&
+      needs.sanity-check.result != 'failure'
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    timeout-minutes: 60
+    container:
+      image: ${{ needs.setup.outputs.linux_ci_image }}
+      # Share the host PID + IPC namespaces. 017_shm.pl rapidly creates,
+      # kill9's, and restarts postgres; with the container's small PID
+      # space a new postgres can recycle the dead postmaster's PID before
+      # pg_ctl's postmaster.pid check notices, producing spurious "node X
+      # is already running" failures. SysV shm in the test also relies on
+      # host-like IPC behavior.
+      #
+      # --ulimit raises memlock and core dump size. Memlock is needed for
+      # running the AIO tests.
+      #
+      # --privileged is needed so the prepare step can write to sysctls
+      # under /proc/sys (it's mounted read-only without it). We use it to
+      # set kernel.core_pattern.
+      options: --pid=host --ipc=host --ulimit memlock=-1:-1 --privileged
+    env:
+      BUILD_JOBS: 4
+      TEST_JOBS: 8
+      CCACHE_DIR: /tmp/ccache_dir
+      DEBUGINFOD_URLS: "https://debuginfod.debian.net"
+
+      SANITIZER_FLAGS: -fsanitize=address
+      UBSAN_OPTIONS: print_stacktrace=1:disable_coredump=0:abort_on_error=1:verbosity=2
+      ASAN_OPTIONS: print_stacktrace=1:disable_coredump=0:abort_on_error=1:detect_leaks=0:detect_stack_use_after_return=0
+      CFLAGS: -Og -ggdb -fno-sanitize-recover=all -fsanitize=address
+      CXXFLAGS: -Og -ggdb -fno-sanitize-recover=all -fsanitize=address
+      LDFLAGS: -fsanitize=address
+      CC: ccache gcc
+      CXX: ccache g++
+
+      PG_TEST_PG_COMBINEBACKUP_MODE: --copy-file-range
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: ${{ env.CLONE_DEPTH }}
+
+      - name: Restore ccache
+        uses: actions/cache@v5
+        with:
+          path: ${{ env.CCACHE_DIR }}
+          key: ccache-linux-autoconf-${{ github.run_id }}
+          restore-keys: ccache-linux-autoconf-
+
+      - name: Prepare workspace
+        run: |
+          useradd -m postgres
+          chown -R postgres:postgres .
+          mkdir -p "$CCACHE_DIR"
+          chown -R postgres:postgres "$CCACHE_DIR"
+          mkdir -m 770 /tmp/cores
+          chown root:postgres /tmp/cores
+          sysctl kernel.core_pattern='/tmp/cores/%e-%s-%p.core'
+
+          # Hosts for the load balance test
+          cat >> /etc/hosts <<-EOF
+            127.0.0.1 pg-loadbalancetest
+            127.0.0.2 pg-loadbalancetest
+            127.0.0.3 pg-loadbalancetest
+          EOF
+
+      # Normally, the "relation segment" code basically has no coverage in our
+      # tests, because we (quite reasonably) don't generate tables large
+      # enough in tests. We've had plenty bugs that we didn't notice due the
+      # code not being exercised much. Thus specify a very small segment size
+      # here. Use a non-power-of-two segment size, given we currently allow
+      # that.
+      - name: Configure
+        run: |
+          su postgres <<EOF
+            set -e
+            ./configure \
+              --enable-cassert --enable-injection-points --enable-debug \
+              --enable-tap-tests --enable-nls \
+              --with-segsize-blocks=6 \
+              --with-libnuma \
+              --with-liburing \
+              \
+              ${LINUX_CONFIGURE_FEATURES} \
+              \
+              CLANG="ccache clang"
+          EOF
+
+      - name: Build
+        run: su postgres -c "make -s -j${BUILD_JOBS} world-bin"
+
+      - name: Test world
+        run: |
+          su postgres <<EOF
+            set -e
+            ulimit -c unlimited
+            make -s ${CHECK} ${CHECKFLAGS} -j${TEST_JOBS}
+          EOF
+
+      - name: Core backtraces
+        if: failure()
+        run: src/tools/ci/cores_backtrace.sh linux /tmp/cores
+
+      - name: Upload logs
+        if: failure()
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v7
+        with:
+          name: linux-autoconf-logs-${{ github.run_id }}
+          path: |
+            **/*.log
+            **/*.diffs
+            **/regress_log_*
+          if-no-files-found: ignore
+
+
+  # SPECIAL:
+  # - Uses undefined behaviour and alignment sanitizers, sanitizer failures
+  #   are typically printed in the server log
+  # - Test both 64bit and 32 bit builds
+  # - Uses io_method=io_uring
+  # - Uses meson feature autodetection
+  linux-meson:
+    name: Linux - Debian Trixie - Meson
+    needs: [setup, sanity-check]
+    if: |
+      !cancelled() &&
+      needs.setup.outputs.linux == 'true' &&
+      needs.sanity-check.result != 'failure'
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    timeout-minutes: 60
+    container:
+      image: ${{ needs.setup.outputs.linux_ci_image }}
+      # See linux-autoconf for the details.
+      #
+      # --privileged is needed so the prepare step can write to sysctls
+      # under /proc/sys (it's mounted read-only without it). We use it to
+      # flip kernel.io_uring_disabled (default 2 on recent GH runner
+      # kernels, which makes io_uring_setup() return EPERM for everyone)
+      # and to set kernel.core_pattern.
+      options: --pid=host --ipc=host --ulimit memlock=-1:-1 --privileged
+    env:
+      BUILD_JOBS: 4
+      TEST_JOBS: 8
+      CCACHE_DIR: /tmp/ccache_dir
+      CCACHE_MAXSIZE: "400M" # tests two different builds
+      DEBUGINFOD_URLS: "https://debuginfod.debian.net"
+
+      SANITIZER_FLAGS: -fsanitize=alignment,undefined
+      UBSAN_OPTIONS: print_stacktrace=1:disable_coredump=0:abort_on_error=1:verbosity=2
+      ASAN_OPTIONS: print_stacktrace=1:disable_coredump=0:abort_on_error=1:detect_leaks=0:detect_stack_use_after_return=0
+      CFLAGS: -Og -ggdb -fno-sanitize-recover=all -fsanitize=alignment,undefined
+      CXXFLAGS: -Og -ggdb -fno-sanitize-recover=all -fsanitize=alignment,undefined
+      LDFLAGS: -fsanitize=alignment,undefined
+      CC: ccache gcc
+      CXX: ccache g++
+
+      MESON_FEATURES: >-
+        -Duuid=e2fs
+
+      PG_TEST_INITDB_EXTRA_OPTS: >-
+        -c io_method=io_uring
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: ${{ env.CLONE_DEPTH }}
+
+      - name: Restore ccache
+        uses: actions/cache@v5
+        with:
+          path: ${{ env.CCACHE_DIR }}
+          key: ccache-linux-meson-${{ github.run_id }}
+          restore-keys: ccache-linux-meson-
+
+      - name: Prepare workspace
+        run: |
+          useradd -m postgres
+          chown -R postgres:postgres .
+          mkdir -p "$CCACHE_DIR"
+          chown -R postgres:postgres "$CCACHE_DIR"
+          mkdir -m 770 /tmp/cores
+          chown root:postgres /tmp/cores
+          sysctl kernel.core_pattern='/tmp/cores/%e-%s-%p.core'
+
+          # Enable io_uring; GH runner kernels default to 2 (disabled).
+          sysctl -w kernel.io_uring_disabled=0
+
+          cat >> /etc/hosts <<-EOF
+            127.0.0.1 pg-loadbalancetest
+            127.0.0.2 pg-loadbalancetest
+            127.0.0.3 pg-loadbalancetest
+          EOF
+
+      - name: Configure (64-bit)
+        run: |
+          su postgres <<EOF
+            set -e
+            meson setup \
+              ${MESON_COMMON_PG_CONFIG_ARGS} \
+              ${MESON_FEATURES} \
+              --buildtype=debug \
+              -Dllvm=enabled \
+              build
+          EOF
+
+      # Also build & test in a 32bit build - it's gotten rare to test that
+      # locally.
+      - name: Configure (32-bit)
+        run: |
+          su postgres <<EOF
+            set -e
+            export CC='ccache gcc -m32'
+            export CXX='ccache g++ -m32'
+            meson setup \
+              ${MESON_COMMON_PG_CONFIG_ARGS} \
+              ${MESON_FEATURES} \
+              --buildtype=debug \
+              --pkg-config-path /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/pkgconfig/ \
+              -DPERL=perl5.40-i386-linux-gnu \
+              -Dlibnuma=disabled \
+              build-32
+          EOF
+
+      - name: Build (64-bit)
+        run: |
+          su postgres <<EOF
+            set -e
+            ninja -C build -j${BUILD_JOBS} ${MBUILD_TARGET}
+            ninja -C build -t missingdeps
+          EOF
+
+      - name: Build (32-bit)
+        run: |
+          su postgres <<EOF
+            set -e
+            ninja -C build-32 -j${BUILD_JOBS} ${MBUILD_TARGET}
+            ninja -C build-32 -t missingdeps
+          EOF
+
+      - name: Test world (64-bit)
+        run: |
+          su postgres <<EOF
+            set -e
+            ulimit -c unlimited
+            meson test ${MTEST_ARGS} --num-processes ${TEST_JOBS}
+          EOF
+          # so that we don't upload 64-bit logs if 32-bit fails
+          rm -rf build/
+
+      # There's currently no coverage of icu with LANG=C in the buildfarm. We
+      # can easily provide some here by running one of the sets of tests that
+      # way. Newer versions of python insist on changing the LC_CTYPE away
+      # from C, prevent that with PYTHONCOERCECLOCALE.
+      - name: Test world (32-bit)
+        run: |
+          su postgres <<EOF
+            set -e
+            ulimit -c unlimited
+            PYTHONCOERCECLOCALE=0 LANG=C meson test ${MTEST_ARGS} -C build-32 --num-processes ${TEST_JOBS}
+          EOF
+
+      - name: Core backtraces
+        if: failure()
+        run: src/tools/ci/cores_backtrace.sh linux /tmp/cores
+
+      - name: Upload logs
+        if: failure()
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v7
+        with:
+          name: linux-meson-logs-${{ github.run_id }}
+          path: |
+            build*/testrun/**/*.log
+            build*/testrun/**/*.diffs
+            build*/testrun/**/regress_log_*
+            build*/meson-logs/*.txt
+          if-no-files-found: ignore
+
+
+  # SPECIAL:
+  # - Enables --clone for pg_upgrade and pg_combinebackup
+  # - Specifies configuration options that test reading/writing/copying of node trees
+  # - Specifies debug_parallel_query=regress, to catch related issues during CI
+  macos:
+    name: macOS - Sequoia - Meson
+    needs: [setup, sanity-check]
+    if: |
+      !cancelled() &&
+      needs.setup.outputs.macos == 'true' &&
+      needs.sanity-check.result != 'failure'
+    runs-on: macos-15
+    timeout-minutes: 60
+    env:
+      BUILD_JOBS: 4
+      # Test performance regresses noticeably when using all cores. 8 works OK.
+      # https://postgr.es/m/20220927040208.l3shfcidovpzqxfh%40awork3.anarazel.de
+      # Fix: Needs to be re-tested for Github Actions.
+      TEST_JOBS: 8
+
+      CCACHE_DIR: ${{ github.workspace }}/ccache_dir
+
+      MESON_FEATURES: >-
+        -Dbonjour=enabled
+        -Ddtrace=enabled
+        -Dgssapi=enabled
+        -Dlibcurl=enabled
+        -Dnls=enabled
+        -Duuid=e2fs
+
+      CC: ccache cc
+      CXX: ccache c++
+      CFLAGS: -Og -ggdb
+      CXXFLAGS: -Og -ggdb
+      PG_TEST_PG_UPGRADE_MODE: --clone
+      PG_TEST_PG_COMBINEBACKUP_MODE: --clone
+
+      # Several buildfarm animals enable these options. Without testing them
+      # during CI, it would be easy to cause breakage on the buildfarm with CI
+      # passing.
+      PG_TEST_INITDB_EXTRA_OPTS: >-
+        -c debug_copy_parse_plan_trees=on
+        -c debug_write_read_parse_plan_trees=on
+        -c debug_raw_expression_coverage_test=on
+        -c debug_parallel_query=regress
+
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: ${{ env.CLONE_DEPTH }}
+
+      - name: Sysinfo
+        run: |
+          id
+          uname -a
+          ulimit -a -H && ulimit -a -S
+          env
+
+      - name: Setup core files
+        run: |
+          mkdir -p $HOME/cores
+          sudo sysctl kern.corefile="$HOME/cores/core.%P"
+
+      - name: Restore ccache
+        uses: actions/cache@v5
+        with:
+          path: ${{ env.CCACHE_DIR }}
+          key: ccache-macos-${{ github.run_id }}
+          restore-keys: ccache-macos-
+
+      # Install dependencies via Homebrew rather than Macports. On stock
+      # GH runners macports requires a heavy bootstrap, and the relevant
+      # Postgres deps are all available in brew.
+      - name: Install dependencies
+        run: |
+          brew update
+          brew install \
+            ccache meson openldap python@3.12 tcl-tk
+          # IPC::Run via cpanm (system perl)
+          sudo cpan -T -i IPC::Run IO::Tty
+
+      - name: Configure
+        run: |
+          # These formulae are keg-only (not symlinked into $(brew --prefix)),
+          # so pkg-config wouldn't find them via the default search path.
+          # lz4, zstd and other non-keg-only deps are picked up automatically.
+          for f in openssl@3 icu4c krb5 openldap; do
+            PKG_CONFIG_PATH="$(brew --prefix $f)/lib/pkgconfig:${PKG_CONFIG_PATH}"
+          done
+          export PKG_CONFIG_PATH
+          extra_inc=
+          extra_lib=
+          for f in gettext krb5; do
+            prefix=$(brew --prefix $f)
+            extra_inc="${extra_inc:+$extra_inc,}${prefix}/include"
+            extra_lib="${extra_lib:+$extra_lib,}${prefix}/lib"
+          done
+          meson setup \
+            ${MESON_COMMON_PG_CONFIG_ARGS} \
+            --buildtype=debug \
+            -Dextra_include_dirs="${extra_inc}" \
+            -Dextra_lib_dirs="${extra_lib}" \
+            ${MESON_COMMON_FEATURES} \
+            ${MESON_FEATURES} \
+            build
+
+      - name: Build
+        run: ninja -C build -j${BUILD_JOBS} ${MBUILD_TARGET}
+
+      - name: Test world
+        run: |
+          ulimit -c unlimited
+          ulimit -n 1024
+          meson test ${MTEST_ARGS} --num-processes ${TEST_JOBS}
+
+      - name: Core backtraces
+        if: failure()
+        run: src/tools/ci/cores_backtrace.sh macos "$HOME/cores"
+
+      - name: Upload logs
+        if: failure()
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v7
+        with:
+          name: macos-logs-${{ github.run_id }}
+          path: |
+            build*/testrun/**/*.log
+            build*/testrun/**/*.diffs
+            build*/testrun/**/regress_log_*
+            build*/meson-logs/*.txt
+          if-no-files-found: ignore
+
+
+  windows-vs:
+    name: Windows - Server 2022, VS 2022 - Meson & ninja
+    needs: [setup, sanity-check]
+    if: |
+      !cancelled() &&
+      needs.setup.outputs.windows == 'true' &&
+      needs.sanity-check.result != 'failure'
+    runs-on: windows-2022
+    timeout-minutes: 60
+    env:
+      TEST_JOBS: 8
+      # Avoid port conflicts between concurrent tap tests
+      PG_TEST_USE_UNIX_SOCKETS: 1
+      PG_REGRESS_SOCK_DIR: 'c:\pgsock\'
+
+      MESON_FEATURES: >-
+        -Dcpp_args=/std:c++20
+        -Dauto_features=disabled
+        -Dtap_tests=enabled
+        -Dldap=enabled
+        -Dssl=openssl
+        -Dplperl=enabled
+        -Dplpython=enabled
+      TAR: "c:/windows/system32/tar.exe"
+
+    defaults:
+      run:
+        shell: cmd
+    steps:
+      - name: Disable Windows Defender
+        shell: powershell
+        run: |
+          Set-MpPreference -DisableRealtimeMonitoring $true -SubmitSamplesConsent NeverSend -MAPSReporting Disable
+          # Verify Defender status
+          $status = Get-MpComputerStatus -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
+          if ($status) {
+              Write-Host "RealTimeProtectionEnabled: $($status.RealTimeProtectionEnabled)"
+              Write-Host "AntivirusEnabled: $($status.AntivirusEnabled)"
+          }
+
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: ${{ env.CLONE_DEPTH }}
+
+      - name: Sysinfo
+        run: |
+          chcp
+          systeminfo
+          set
+
+      # The TAP tests build an initdb template under build/tmp_install and
+      # then `robocopy` it into per-test data directories. Robocopy with the
+      # default /COPY:DAT flag doesn't copy ACLs — destinations inherit from
+      # their parent dir. On GitHub-hosted Windows runners the workspace's
+      # inherited ACL grants Administrators:(F) and Users:(RX) but does NOT
+      # grant the runner user (runneradmin) directly. That matters because
+      # pg_ctl on Windows uses CreateRestrictedProcess to drop admin
+      # privileges from postmaster, so the postmaster process has the user
+      # SID in its token but no longer the Administrators group — leaving it
+      # with only "Users:(RX)" on pg_control and friends, which causes
+      # "PANIC: could not open file global/pg_control: Permission denied".
+      #
+      # Fix it once on the workspace dir with (OI)(CI) inheritance flags so
+      # every file/dir created underneath gets an explicit grant for the
+      # current user.
+      - name: Grant workspace ACL to runner user
+        shell: pwsh
+        run: |
+          icacls "${{ github.workspace }}" /grant "${env:USERNAME}:(OI)(CI)F" /Q | Out-Null
+          Write-Host "Granted Full Control to $env:USERNAME on ${{ github.workspace }}"
+
+      # postgres' plpython3u loads python3.dll (the stable-ABI forwarder)
+      # which in turn loads whichever python3NN.dll the Windows loader finds
+      # first on PATH. On windows-2022 `C:\Program Files\Mercurial\` ships
+      # its own python3.dll + python39.dll and appears on PATH *before* the
+      # hostedtoolcache Python 3.12 — so without intervention the backend
+      # ends up running Python 3.9 while postgres' stdlib search uses 3.12,
+      # producing `ImportError: cannot import name 'text_encoding' from
+      # 'io'` (the 3.12 `io.py` calling into 3.9's `_io`).
+      #
+      # Pin PYTHONHOME to the Python 3.12 prefix, and prepend that prefix
+      # to PATH so its python3.dll wins the DLL search.
+      - name: Pin Python prefix on PATH and PYTHONHOME
+        shell: pwsh
+        run: |
+          $prefix = (python -c "import sys; print(sys.prefix)").Trim()
+          Add-Content $env:GITHUB_ENV "PYTHONHOME=$prefix"
+          Add-Content $env:GITHUB_PATH $prefix
+          Write-Host "PYTHONHOME=$prefix"
+          Write-Host "Prepended $prefix to PATH"
+
+      - name: Install dependencies
+        shell: pwsh
+        run: |
+          choco install -y --no-progress --limitoutput diffutils winflexbison
+          # meson + ninja aren't preinstalled on windows-2022. Install via pip
+          python -m pip install --upgrade meson ninja
+
+          # OpenSSL 1.1 via the slproweb installer (pinned to match the
+          # version used elsewhere in postgres CI).
+          curl.exe -fsSL -o openssl-setup.exe https://slproweb.com/download/Win64OpenSSL-1_1_1w.exe
+          Start-Process -Wait -FilePath ./openssl-setup.exe `
+            -ArgumentList '/DIR=c:\openssl\1.1\ /VERYSILENT /SP- /SUPPRESSMSGBOXES'
+          # The slproweb installer puts libcrypto-1_1-x64.dll / libssl-1_1-x64.dll
+          # in c:\openssl\1.1\bin\ and updates the system PATH. GH Actions
+          # snapshots PATH at job start though, so the running job won't
+          # see those DLLs and initdb.exe would crash silently at runtime.
+          # Push the bin dir onto GITHUB_PATH so it persists for later steps.
+          Add-Content $env:GITHUB_PATH "c:\openssl\1.1\bin"
+
+          # Install IPC::Run.
+          # - recommends_policy=0 keeps cpan from pulling in IO::Tty / IO::Pty,
+          #   which don't build on Windows ("This module requires a POSIX
+          #   compliant system to work").
+          # - Pin to NJM/IPC-Run-20250809.0 because TODDR/IPC-Run-20260322.0
+          #   broke postgres tap tests on Windows (changed pipe stdio
+          #   handling). See upstream pg-vm-images commit ff5238afa3 and
+          #   the thread at
+          #   https://postgr.es/m/CAN55FZ06xanSbJdHe-CurjX_qNuBWZDEvS1kAk36L38YCtZXnw%40mail.gmail.com
+          "o conf recommends_policy 0`no conf commit`nnotest install NJM/IPC-Run-20250809.0.tar.gz" | cpan
+          perl -mIPC::Run -e 1
+
+      - name: Setup hosts file
+        shell: pwsh
+        run: |
+          Add-Content c:\Windows\System32\Drivers\etc\hosts "127.0.0.1 pg-loadbalancetest"
+          Add-Content c:\Windows\System32\Drivers\etc\hosts "127.0.0.2 pg-loadbalancetest"
+          Add-Content c:\Windows\System32\Drivers\etc\hosts "127.0.0.3 pg-loadbalancetest"
+
+      - name: Setup sock dir
+        shell: cmd
+        run: mkdir %PG_REGRESS_SOCK_DIR%
+
+      - name: Configure
+        run: |
+          call "C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\Enterprise\VC\Auxiliary\Build\vcvarsall.bat" x64
+          meson setup --backend ninja %MESON_COMMON_PG_CONFIG_ARGS% %MESON_FEATURES% --buildtype debug -Db_pch=true -Dextra_lib_dirs=c:\openssl\1.1\lib -Dextra_include_dirs=c:\openssl\1.1\include -DTAR=%TAR% build
+
+      - name: Build
+        run: |
+          call "C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\Enterprise\VC\Auxiliary\Build\vcvarsall.bat" x64
+          ninja -C build %MBUILD_TARGET%
+          ninja -C build -t missingdeps
+
+      - name: Test world
+        run: |
+          call "C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\Enterprise\VC\Auxiliary\Build\vcvarsall.bat" x64
+          meson test %MTEST_ARGS% --num-processes %TEST_JOBS%
+
+      - name: Upload logs
+        if: failure()
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v7
+        with:
+          name: windows-vs-logs-${{ github.run_id }}
+          path: |
+            build*/testrun/**/*.log
+            build*/testrun/**/*.diffs
+            build*/testrun/**/regress_log_*
+            build*/meson-logs/*.txt
+            crashlog-*.txt
+          if-no-files-found: ignore
+
+
+  windows-mingw:
+    name: Windows - Server 2022, MinGW64 - Meson
+    needs: [setup, sanity-check]
+    if: |
+      !cancelled() &&
+      needs.setup.outputs.mingw == 'true' &&
+      needs.sanity-check.result != 'failure'
+    runs-on: windows-2022
+    timeout-minutes: 60
+    env:
+      TEST_JOBS: 4  # higher concurrency causes occasional failures
+      PG_TEST_USE_UNIX_SOCKETS: 1
+      PG_REGRESS_SOCK_DIR: 'c:\pgsock\'
+      TAR: "c:/windows/system32/tar.exe"
+      # for mingw plpython to find its installation
+      PYTHONHOME: D:/a/_temp/msys64/ucrt64
+
+      MSYS: winjitdebug
+      CHERE_INVOKING: 1
+
+      MESON_FEATURES: >-
+        -Dnls=disabled
+
+      CCACHE_DIR: D:/a/ccache
+      CCACHE_MAXSIZE: "500M"
+      CCACHE_SLOPPINESS: pch_defines,time_macros
+      CCACHE_DEPEND: 1
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Disable Windows Defender
+        shell: powershell
+        run: |
+          Set-MpPreference -DisableRealtimeMonitoring $true -SubmitSamplesConsent NeverSend -MAPSReporting Disable
+          # Verify Defender status
+          $status = Get-MpComputerStatus -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
+          if ($status) {
+              Write-Host "RealTimeProtectionEnabled: $($status.RealTimeProtectionEnabled)"
+              Write-Host "AntivirusEnabled: $($status.AntivirusEnabled)"
+          }
+
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: ${{ env.CLONE_DEPTH }}
+
+      - name: Setup MSYS2
+        uses: msys2/setup-msys2@v2
+        with:
+          msystem: UCRT64
+          update: true
+          install: >-
+            git bison flex make diffutils
+            mingw-w64-ucrt-x86_64-ccache
+            mingw-w64-ucrt-x86_64-docbook-xml
+            mingw-w64-ucrt-x86_64-gcc
+            mingw-w64-ucrt-x86_64-icu
+            mingw-w64-ucrt-x86_64-libbacktrace
+            mingw-w64-ucrt-x86_64-libxml2
+            mingw-w64-ucrt-x86_64-libxslt
+            mingw-w64-ucrt-x86_64-lz4
+            mingw-w64-ucrt-x86_64-make
+            mingw-w64-ucrt-x86_64-meson
+            mingw-w64-ucrt-x86_64-perl
+            mingw-w64-ucrt-x86_64-pkg-config
+            mingw-w64-ucrt-x86_64-python-cryptography
+            mingw-w64-ucrt-x86_64-python-pip
+            mingw-w64-ucrt-x86_64-python-pytest
+            mingw-w64-ucrt-x86_64-readline
+            mingw-w64-ucrt-x86_64-zlib
+
+      - name: Install IPC::Run for tap tests
+        shell: msys2 {0}
+        run: |
+          # Pin IPC::Run to NJM/IPC-Run-20250809.0; TODDR/IPC-Run-20260322.0
+          # broke postgres tap tests on Windows (pipe stdio handling).
+          # See pg-vm-images commit ff5238afa3.
+          (echo; echo o conf recommends_policy 0; echo notest install NJM/IPC-Run-20250809.0.tar.gz) | cpan
+          perl -mIPC::Run -e 1
+
+      - name: Setup sock dir
+        shell: cmd
+        run: mkdir %PG_REGRESS_SOCK_DIR%
+
+      - name: Restore ccache
+        uses: actions/cache@v5
+        with:
+          path: ${{ env.CCACHE_DIR }}
+          key: ccache-mingw-${{ github.run_id }}
+          restore-keys: ccache-mingw-
+
+      - name: Configure
+        shell: msys2 {0}
+        run: |
+          meson setup \
+            ${MESON_COMMON_PG_CONFIG_ARGS} \
+            -Ddebug=true -Doptimization=g -Db_pch=true \
+            ${MESON_COMMON_FEATURES} \
+            ${MESON_FEATURES} \
+            -DTAR=${TAR} \
+            build
+
+      - name: Build
+        shell: msys2 {0}
+        run: ninja -C build ${MBUILD_TARGET}
+
+      - name: Test world
+        shell: msys2 {0}
+        run: meson test ${MTEST_ARGS} --num-processes ${TEST_JOBS}
+
+      - name: Upload logs
+        if: failure()
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v7
+        with:
+          name: windows-mingw-logs-${{ github.run_id }}
+          path: |
+            build*/testrun/**/*.log
+            build*/testrun/**/*.diffs
+            build*/testrun/**/regress_log_*
+            build*/meson-logs/*.txt
+            crashlog-*.txt
+          if-no-files-found: ignore
+
+  # Test that code can be built with both gcc and clang without warnings,
+  # with various combinations of cassert/dtrace flags. Trace probes have
+  # a history of getting accidentally broken; the matrix is there to
+  # catch that.
+  #
+  # The autoconf cache files (gcc.cache / clang.cache) are intentionally
+  # reused across the matrix entries that share a compiler, so we don't
+  # pay for full feature detection on every entry.
+  compiler-warnings:
+    name: CompilerWarnings
+    needs: [setup, sanity-check]
+    if: |
+      !cancelled() &&
+      needs.setup.outputs.compilerwarnings == 'true' &&
+      needs.sanity-check.result != 'failure'
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    timeout-minutes: 60
+    container:
+      image: ${{ needs.setup.outputs.linux_ci_image }}
+    env:
+      BUILD_JOBS: 4
+      CCACHE_DIR: /tmp/ccache_dir
+      # Use larger ccache cache as this job compiles with multiple
+      # compilers / flag combinations.
+      CCACHE_MAXSIZE: "1G"
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: ${{ env.CLONE_DEPTH }}
+
+      - name: Restore ccache
+        uses: actions/cache@v5
+        with:
+          path: ${{ env.CCACHE_DIR }}
+          key: ccache-compiler-warnings-${{ github.run_id }}
+          restore-keys: ccache-compiler-warnings-
+
+      - name: Sysinfo
+        run: |
+          id
+          uname -a
+          cat /proc/cmdline
+          ulimit -a -H && ulimit -a -S
+          gcc -v
+          clang -v
+          env
+
+      - name: Setup workspace
+        run: |
+          echo "COPT=-Werror" > src/Makefile.custom
+          mkdir -p "$CCACHE_DIR"
+
+      # gcc, cassert off, dtrace on
+      - name: gcc warning + (dtrace)
+        if: always()
+        run: |
+          ./configure \
+            --cache gcc.cache \
+            --enable-dtrace \
+            ${LINUX_CONFIGURE_FEATURES} \
+            CC="ccache gcc" CXX="ccache g++" CLANG="ccache clang"
+          make -s -j${BUILD_JOBS} clean
+          make -s -j${BUILD_JOBS} world-bin
+
+      # gcc, cassert on, dtrace off
+      - name: gcc warning + (cassert)
+        if: always()
+        run: |
+          ./configure \
+            --cache gcc.cache \
+            --enable-cassert \
+            ${LINUX_CONFIGURE_FEATURES} \
+            CC="ccache gcc" CXX="ccache g++" CLANG="ccache clang"
+          make -s -j${BUILD_JOBS} clean
+          make -s -j${BUILD_JOBS} world-bin
+
+      # clang, cassert off, dtrace off
+      - name: clang warning
+        if: always()
+        run: |
+          ./configure \
+            --cache clang.cache \
+            ${LINUX_CONFIGURE_FEATURES} \
+            CC="ccache clang" CXX="ccache clang++" CLANG="ccache clang"
+          make -s -j${BUILD_JOBS} clean
+          make -s -j${BUILD_JOBS} world-bin
+
+      # clang, cassert on, dtrace on
+      - name: clang warning + (cassert + dtrace)
+        if: always()
+        run: |
+          ./configure \
+            --cache clang.cache \
+            --enable-cassert \
+            --enable-dtrace \
+            ${LINUX_CONFIGURE_FEATURES} \
+            CC="ccache clang" CXX="ccache clang++" CLANG="ccache clang"
+          make -s -j${BUILD_JOBS} clean
+          make -s -j${BUILD_JOBS} world-bin
+
+      - name: mingw cross compile
+        if: always()
+        run: |
+          ./configure \
+            --host=x86_64-w64-mingw32ucrt \
+            --enable-cassert \
+            --without-icu \
+            CC="ccache x86_64-w64-mingw32ucrt-gcc" \
+            CXX="ccache x86_64-w64-mingw32ucrt-g++"
+          make -s -j${BUILD_JOBS} clean
+          make -s -j${BUILD_JOBS} world-bin
+
+      ###
+      # Verify docs can be built
+      ###
+      # XXX: Only do this if there have been changes in doc/ since last build
+      - name: Docs build
+        if: always()
+        run: |
+          ./configure \
+            --cache gcc.cache \
+            CC="ccache gcc" CXX="ccache g++" CLANG="ccache clang"
+          make -s -j${BUILD_JOBS} clean
+          make -s -j${BUILD_JOBS} -C doc
+
+      ###
+      # Verify headerscheck / cpluspluscheck succeed
+      #
+      # - Run both in same script to increase parallelism, use -k to get
+      #   result of both
+      # - Use -fmax-errors, as particularly cpluspluscheck can be very verbose
+      ###
+      - name: headerscheck + cpluspluscheck
+        if: always()
+        run: |
+          ./configure \
+            ${LINUX_CONFIGURE_FEATURES} \
+            --cache gcc.cache \
+            --quiet \
+            CC="ccache gcc" CXX="ccache g++" CLANG="ccache clang"
+          make -s -j${BUILD_JOBS} clean
+          make -s -j${BUILD_JOBS} -k ${CHECKFLAGS} headerscheck cpluspluscheck EXTRAFLAGS='-fmax-errors=10'
-- 
2.47.3

