From e344a2757838e6b99168d4aa1093fee4da18d8a8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Nathan Bossart Date: Tue, 24 Jun 2025 16:32:00 -0500 Subject: [PATCH v11 1/1] Add GetNamedDSA() and GetNamedDSHash(). MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit Presently, the dynamic shared memory (DSM) registry only provides GetNamedDSMSegment(), which allocates a fixed-size segment. To use the DSM registry for more sophisticated things like dynamic shared memory areas (DSAs) or a hash table backed by a DSA (dshash), users need to create a DSM segment that stores various handles and LWLock tranche IDs and to write fairly complicated initialization code. Furthermore, there is likely little variation in this initialization code between libraries. This commit introduces functions that simplify allocating a DSA or dshash within the DSM registry. These functions are very similar to GetNamedDSMSegment(). Notable differences include the lack of an initialization callback parameter and the prohibition of calling the functions more than once for a given entry in each backend (which should be trivially avoidable in most circumstances). While at it, this commit bumps the maximum DSM registry entry name length from 63 bytes to 127 bytes. The test_dsm_registry test module contains tests for the new functions and also serves as a complete usage example. Reviewed-by: Dagfinn Ilmari Mannsåker Reviewed-by: Sami Imseih Reviewed-by: Florents Tselai Reviewed-by: Rahila Syed Discussion: https://postgres./m/aEC8HGy2tRQjZg_8%40nathan --- src/backend/storage/ipc/dsm_registry.c | 265 +++++++++++++++++- src/backend/utils/mmgr/dsa.c | 15 + src/include/storage/dsm_registry.h | 7 +- src/include/utils/dsa.h | 1 + .../expected/test_dsm_registry.out | 26 +- .../sql/test_dsm_registry.sql | 6 +- .../test_dsm_registry--1.0.sql | 10 +- .../test_dsm_registry/test_dsm_registry.c | 111 ++++++-- src/tools/pgindent/typedefs.list | 5 + 9 files changed, 400 insertions(+), 46 deletions(-) diff --git a/src/backend/storage/ipc/dsm_registry.c b/src/backend/storage/ipc/dsm_registry.c index 1d4fd31ffed..828c2ff0c7f 100644 --- a/src/backend/storage/ipc/dsm_registry.c +++ b/src/backend/storage/ipc/dsm_registry.c @@ -15,6 +15,20 @@ * current backend. This function guarantees that only one backend * initializes the segment and that all other backends just attach it. * + * A DSA can be created in or retrieved from the registry by calling + * GetNamedDSA(). As with GetNamedDSMSegment(), if a DSA with the provided + * name does not yet exist, it is created. Otherwise, GetNamedDSA() + * ensures the DSA is attached to the current backend. This function + * guarantees that only one backend initializes the DSA and that all other + * backends just attach it. + * + * A dshash table can be created in or retrieved from the registry by + * calling GetNamedDSHash(). As with GetNamedDSMSegment(), if a hash + * table with the provided name does not yet exist, it is created. + * Otherwise, GetNamedDSHash() ensures the hash table is attached to the + * current backend. This function guarantees that only one backend + * initializes the table and that all other backends just attach it. + * * Portions Copyright (c) 1996-2025, PostgreSQL Global Development Group * Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California * @@ -32,6 +46,12 @@ #include "storage/shmem.h" #include "utils/memutils.h" +#define DSMR_NAME_LEN 128 + +#define DSMR_DSA_TRANCHE_SUFFIX " DSA" +#define DSMR_DSA_TRANCHE_SUFFIX_LEN (sizeof(DSMR_DSA_TRANCHE_SUFFIX) - 1) +#define DSMR_DSA_TRANCHE_NAME_LEN (DSMR_NAME_LEN + DSMR_DSA_TRANCHE_SUFFIX_LEN) + typedef struct DSMRegistryCtxStruct { dsa_handle dsah; @@ -40,15 +60,48 @@ typedef struct DSMRegistryCtxStruct static DSMRegistryCtxStruct *DSMRegistryCtx; -typedef struct DSMRegistryEntry +typedef struct NamedDSMState { - char name[64]; dsm_handle handle; size_t size; +} NamedDSMState; + +typedef struct NamedDSAState +{ + dsa_handle handle; + int tranche; + char tranche_name[DSMR_DSA_TRANCHE_NAME_LEN]; +} NamedDSAState; + +typedef struct NamedDSHState +{ + NamedDSAState dsa; + dshash_table_handle handle; + int tranche; + char tranche_name[DSMR_NAME_LEN]; +} NamedDSHState; + +typedef enum DSMREntryType +{ + DSMR_ENTRY_TYPE_DSM, + DSMR_ENTRY_TYPE_DSA, + DSMR_ENTRY_TYPE_DSH, +} DSMREntryType; + +typedef struct DSMRegistryEntry +{ + char name[DSMR_NAME_LEN]; + DSMREntryType type; + union + { + NamedDSMState dsm; + NamedDSAState dsa; + NamedDSHState dsh; + } data; } DSMRegistryEntry; static const dshash_parameters dsh_params = { - offsetof(DSMRegistryEntry, handle), + offsetof(DSMRegistryEntry, type), sizeof(DSMRegistryEntry), dshash_strcmp, dshash_strhash, @@ -141,7 +194,7 @@ GetNamedDSMSegment(const char *name, size_t size, ereport(ERROR, (errmsg("DSM segment name cannot be empty"))); - if (strlen(name) >= offsetof(DSMRegistryEntry, handle)) + if (strlen(name) >= offsetof(DSMRegistryEntry, type)) ereport(ERROR, (errmsg("DSM segment name too long"))); @@ -158,32 +211,39 @@ GetNamedDSMSegment(const char *name, size_t size, entry = dshash_find_or_insert(dsm_registry_table, name, found); if (!(*found)) { + NamedDSMState *state = &entry->data.dsm; + dsm_segment *seg; + + entry->type = DSMR_ENTRY_TYPE_DSM; + /* Initialize the segment. */ - dsm_segment *seg = dsm_create(size, 0); + seg = dsm_create(size, 0); dsm_pin_segment(seg); dsm_pin_mapping(seg); - entry->handle = dsm_segment_handle(seg); - entry->size = size; + state->handle = dsm_segment_handle(seg); + state->size = size; ret = dsm_segment_address(seg); if (init_callback) (*init_callback) (ret); } - else if (entry->size != size) - { + else if (entry->type != DSMR_ENTRY_TYPE_DSM) ereport(ERROR, - (errmsg("requested DSM segment size does not match size of " - "existing segment"))); - } + (errmsg("requested DSM segment does not match type of existing entry"))); + else if (entry->data.dsm.size != size) + ereport(ERROR, + (errmsg("requested DSM segment size does not match size of existing segment"))); else { - dsm_segment *seg = dsm_find_mapping(entry->handle); + NamedDSMState *state = &entry->data.dsm; + dsm_segment *seg; /* If the existing segment is not already attached, attach it now. */ + seg = dsm_find_mapping(state->handle); if (seg == NULL) { - seg = dsm_attach(entry->handle); + seg = dsm_attach(state->handle); if (seg == NULL) elog(ERROR, "could not map dynamic shared memory segment"); @@ -198,3 +258,180 @@ GetNamedDSMSegment(const char *name, size_t size, return ret; } + +/* + * Initialize or attach a named DSA. + * + * This routine returns a pointer to the DSA. A new LWLock tranche ID will be + * generated if needed. Note that the lock tranche will be registered with the + * provided name. Also note that this should be called at most once for a + * given DSA in each backend. + */ +dsa_area * +GetNamedDSA(const char *name, bool *found) +{ + DSMRegistryEntry *entry; + MemoryContext oldcontext; + dsa_area *ret; + + Assert(found); + + if (!name || *name == '\0') + ereport(ERROR, + (errmsg("DSA name cannot be empty"))); + + if (strlen(name) >= offsetof(DSMRegistryEntry, type)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errmsg("DSA name too long"))); + + /* Be sure any local memory allocated by DSM/DSA routines is persistent. */ + oldcontext = MemoryContextSwitchTo(TopMemoryContext); + + /* Connect to the registry. */ + init_dsm_registry(); + + entry = dshash_find_or_insert(dsm_registry_table, name, found); + if (!(*found)) + { + NamedDSAState *state = &entry->data.dsa; + + entry->type = DSMR_ENTRY_TYPE_DSA; + + /* Initialize the LWLock tranche for the DSA. */ + state->tranche = LWLockNewTrancheId(); + strcpy(state->tranche_name, name); + LWLockRegisterTranche(state->tranche, state->tranche_name); + + /* Initialize the DSA. */ + ret = dsa_create(state->tranche); + dsa_pin(ret); + dsa_pin_mapping(ret); + + /* Store handle for other backends to use. */ + state->handle = dsa_get_handle(ret); + } + else if (entry->type != DSMR_ENTRY_TYPE_DSA) + ereport(ERROR, + (errmsg("requested DSA does not match type of existing entry"))); + else + { + NamedDSAState *state = &entry->data.dsa; + + if (dsa_is_attached(state->handle)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errmsg("requested DSA already attached to current process"))); + + /* Initialize existing LWLock tranche for the DSA. */ + LWLockRegisterTranche(state->tranche, state->tranche_name); + + /* Attach to existing DSA. */ + ret = dsa_attach(state->handle); + dsa_pin_mapping(ret); + } + + dshash_release_lock(dsm_registry_table, entry); + MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldcontext); + + return ret; +} + +/* + * Initialize or attach a named dshash table. + * + * This routine returns the address of the table. The tranche_id member of + * params is ignored; new tranche IDs will be generated if needed. Note that + * the DSA lock tranche will be registered with the provided name with " DSA" + * appended. The dshash lock tranche will be registered with the provided + * name. Also note that this should be called at most once for a given table + * in each backend. + */ +dshash_table * +GetNamedDSHash(const char *name, const dshash_parameters *params, bool *found) +{ + DSMRegistryEntry *entry; + MemoryContext oldcontext; + dshash_table *ret; + + Assert(params); + Assert(found); + + if (!name || *name == '\0') + ereport(ERROR, + (errmsg("DSHash name cannot be empty"))); + + if (strlen(name) >= offsetof(DSMRegistryEntry, type)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errmsg("DSHash name too long"))); + + /* Be sure any local memory allocated by DSM/DSA routines is persistent. */ + oldcontext = MemoryContextSwitchTo(TopMemoryContext); + + /* Connect to the registry. */ + init_dsm_registry(); + + entry = dshash_find_or_insert(dsm_registry_table, name, found); + if (!(*found)) + { + NamedDSAState *dsa_state = &entry->data.dsh.dsa; + NamedDSHState *dsh_state = &entry->data.dsh; + dshash_parameters params_copy; + dsa_area *dsa; + + entry->type = DSMR_ENTRY_TYPE_DSH; + + /* Initialize the LWLock tranche for the DSA. */ + dsa_state->tranche = LWLockNewTrancheId(); + sprintf(dsa_state->tranche_name, "%s%s", name, DSMR_DSA_TRANCHE_SUFFIX); + LWLockRegisterTranche(dsa_state->tranche, dsa_state->tranche_name); + + /* Initialize the LWLock tranche for the dshash table. */ + dsh_state->tranche = LWLockNewTrancheId(); + strcpy(dsh_state->tranche_name, name); + LWLockRegisterTranche(dsh_state->tranche, dsh_state->tranche_name); + + /* Initialize the DSA for the hash table. */ + dsa = dsa_create(dsa_state->tranche); + dsa_pin(dsa); + dsa_pin_mapping(dsa); + + /* Initialize the dshash table. */ + memcpy(¶ms_copy, params, sizeof(dshash_parameters)); + params_copy.tranche_id = dsh_state->tranche; + ret = dshash_create(dsa, ¶ms_copy, NULL); + + /* Store handles for other backends to use. */ + dsa_state->handle = dsa_get_handle(dsa); + dsh_state->handle = dshash_get_hash_table_handle(ret); + } + else if (entry->type != DSMR_ENTRY_TYPE_DSH) + ereport(ERROR, + (errmsg("requested DSHash does not match type of existing entry"))); + else + { + NamedDSAState *dsa_state = &entry->data.dsh.dsa; + NamedDSHState *dsh_state = &entry->data.dsh; + dsa_area *dsa; + + /* XXX: Should we verify params matches what table was created with? */ + + if (dsa_is_attached(dsa_state->handle)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errmsg("requested DSHash already attached to current process"))); + + /* Initialize existing LWLock tranches for the DSA and dshash table. */ + LWLockRegisterTranche(dsa_state->tranche, dsa_state->tranche_name); + LWLockRegisterTranche(dsh_state->tranche, dsh_state->tranche_name); + + /* Attach to existing DSA for the hash table. */ + dsa = dsa_attach(dsa_state->handle); + dsa_pin_mapping(dsa); + + /* Attach to existing dshash table. */ + ret = dshash_attach(dsa, params, dsh_state->handle, NULL); + } + + dshash_release_lock(dsm_registry_table, entry); + MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldcontext); + + return ret; +} diff --git a/src/backend/utils/mmgr/dsa.c b/src/backend/utils/mmgr/dsa.c index 17d4f7a7a06..be43e9351c3 100644 --- a/src/backend/utils/mmgr/dsa.c +++ b/src/backend/utils/mmgr/dsa.c @@ -531,6 +531,21 @@ dsa_attach(dsa_handle handle) return area; } +/* + * Returns whether the area with the given handle was already attached by the + * current process. The area must have been created with dsa_create (not + * dsa_create_in_place). + */ +bool +dsa_is_attached(dsa_handle handle) +{ + /* + * An area handle is really a DSM segment handle for the first segment, so + * we can just search for that. + */ + return dsm_find_mapping(handle) != NULL; +} + /* * Attach to an area that was created with dsa_create_in_place. The caller * must somehow know the location in memory that was used when the area was diff --git a/src/include/storage/dsm_registry.h b/src/include/storage/dsm_registry.h index b381e44bc9d..4871ed509eb 100644 --- a/src/include/storage/dsm_registry.h +++ b/src/include/storage/dsm_registry.h @@ -13,10 +13,15 @@ #ifndef DSM_REGISTRY_H #define DSM_REGISTRY_H +#include "lib/dshash.h" + extern void *GetNamedDSMSegment(const char *name, size_t size, void (*init_callback) (void *ptr), bool *found); - +extern dsa_area *GetNamedDSA(const char *name, bool *found); +extern dshash_table *GetNamedDSHash(const char *name, + const dshash_parameters *params, + bool *found); extern Size DSMRegistryShmemSize(void); extern void DSMRegistryShmemInit(void); diff --git a/src/include/utils/dsa.h b/src/include/utils/dsa.h index 9eca8788908..0a6067be628 100644 --- a/src/include/utils/dsa.h +++ b/src/include/utils/dsa.h @@ -145,6 +145,7 @@ extern dsa_area *dsa_create_in_place_ext(void *place, size_t size, size_t init_segment_size, size_t max_segment_size); extern dsa_area *dsa_attach(dsa_handle handle); +extern bool dsa_is_attached(dsa_handle handle); extern dsa_area *dsa_attach_in_place(void *place, dsm_segment *segment); extern void dsa_release_in_place(void *place); extern void dsa_on_dsm_detach_release_in_place(dsm_segment *, Datum); diff --git a/src/test/modules/test_dsm_registry/expected/test_dsm_registry.out b/src/test/modules/test_dsm_registry/expected/test_dsm_registry.out index 8ffbd343a05..7ee02bb51e3 100644 --- a/src/test/modules/test_dsm_registry/expected/test_dsm_registry.out +++ b/src/test/modules/test_dsm_registry/expected/test_dsm_registry.out @@ -1,14 +1,26 @@ CREATE EXTENSION test_dsm_registry; -SELECT set_val_in_shmem(1236); - set_val_in_shmem ------------------- +SELECT set_val_in_dsm(1236); + set_val_in_dsm +---------------- + +(1 row) + +SELECT set_val_in_hash('test', '1414'); + set_val_in_hash +----------------- (1 row) \c -SELECT get_val_in_shmem(); - get_val_in_shmem ------------------- - 1236 +SELECT get_val_in_dsm(); + get_val_in_dsm +---------------- + 1236 +(1 row) + +SELECT get_val_in_hash('test'); + get_val_in_hash +----------------- + 1414 (1 row) diff --git a/src/test/modules/test_dsm_registry/sql/test_dsm_registry.sql b/src/test/modules/test_dsm_registry/sql/test_dsm_registry.sql index b3351be0a16..7076f825260 100644 --- a/src/test/modules/test_dsm_registry/sql/test_dsm_registry.sql +++ b/src/test/modules/test_dsm_registry/sql/test_dsm_registry.sql @@ -1,4 +1,6 @@ CREATE EXTENSION test_dsm_registry; -SELECT set_val_in_shmem(1236); +SELECT set_val_in_dsm(1236); +SELECT set_val_in_hash('test', '1414'); \c -SELECT get_val_in_shmem(); +SELECT get_val_in_dsm(); +SELECT get_val_in_hash('test'); diff --git a/src/test/modules/test_dsm_registry/test_dsm_registry--1.0.sql b/src/test/modules/test_dsm_registry/test_dsm_registry--1.0.sql index 8c55b0919b1..74ceeccfd3b 100644 --- a/src/test/modules/test_dsm_registry/test_dsm_registry--1.0.sql +++ b/src/test/modules/test_dsm_registry/test_dsm_registry--1.0.sql @@ -3,8 +3,14 @@ -- complain if script is sourced in psql, rather than via CREATE EXTENSION \echo Use "CREATE EXTENSION test_dsm_registry" to load this file. \quit -CREATE FUNCTION set_val_in_shmem(val INT) RETURNS VOID +CREATE FUNCTION set_val_in_dsm(val INT) RETURNS VOID AS 'MODULE_PATHNAME' LANGUAGE C; -CREATE FUNCTION get_val_in_shmem() RETURNS INT +CREATE FUNCTION get_val_in_dsm() RETURNS INT + AS 'MODULE_PATHNAME' LANGUAGE C; + +CREATE FUNCTION set_val_in_hash(key TEXT, val TEXT) RETURNS VOID + AS 'MODULE_PATHNAME' LANGUAGE C; + +CREATE FUNCTION get_val_in_hash(key TEXT) RETURNS TEXT AS 'MODULE_PATHNAME' LANGUAGE C; diff --git a/src/test/modules/test_dsm_registry/test_dsm_registry.c b/src/test/modules/test_dsm_registry/test_dsm_registry.c index 96a890be228..a9e60c4126b 100644 --- a/src/test/modules/test_dsm_registry/test_dsm_registry.c +++ b/src/test/modules/test_dsm_registry/test_dsm_registry.c @@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ #include "fmgr.h" #include "storage/dsm_registry.h" #include "storage/lwlock.h" +#include "utils/builtins.h" PG_MODULE_MAGIC; @@ -24,15 +25,31 @@ typedef struct TestDSMRegistryStruct LWLock lck; } TestDSMRegistryStruct; -static TestDSMRegistryStruct *tdr_state; +typedef struct TestDSMRegistryHashEntry +{ + char key[64]; + dsa_pointer val; +} TestDSMRegistryHashEntry; + +static TestDSMRegistryStruct *tdr_dsm; +static dsa_area *tdr_dsa; +static dshash_table *tdr_hash; + +static const dshash_parameters dsh_params = { + offsetof(TestDSMRegistryHashEntry, val), + sizeof(TestDSMRegistryHashEntry), + dshash_strcmp, + dshash_strhash, + dshash_strcpy +}; static void -tdr_init_shmem(void *ptr) +init_tdr_dsm(void *ptr) { - TestDSMRegistryStruct *state = (TestDSMRegistryStruct *) ptr; + TestDSMRegistryStruct *dsm = (TestDSMRegistryStruct *) ptr; - LWLockInitialize(&state->lck, LWLockNewTrancheId()); - state->val = 0; + LWLockInitialize(&dsm->lck, LWLockNewTrancheId()); + dsm->val = 0; } static void @@ -40,37 +57,91 @@ tdr_attach_shmem(void) { bool found; - tdr_state = GetNamedDSMSegment("test_dsm_registry", - sizeof(TestDSMRegistryStruct), - tdr_init_shmem, - &found); - LWLockRegisterTranche(tdr_state->lck.tranche, "test_dsm_registry"); + tdr_dsm = GetNamedDSMSegment("test_dsm_registry_dsm", + sizeof(TestDSMRegistryStruct), + init_tdr_dsm, + &found); + LWLockRegisterTranche(tdr_dsm->lck.tranche, "test_dsm_registry"); + + if (tdr_dsa == NULL) + tdr_dsa = GetNamedDSA("test_dsm_registry_dsa", &found); + + if (tdr_hash == NULL) + tdr_hash = GetNamedDSHash("test_dsm_registry_hash", &dsh_params, &found); } -PG_FUNCTION_INFO_V1(set_val_in_shmem); +PG_FUNCTION_INFO_V1(set_val_in_dsm); Datum -set_val_in_shmem(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) +set_val_in_dsm(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) { tdr_attach_shmem(); - LWLockAcquire(&tdr_state->lck, LW_EXCLUSIVE); - tdr_state->val = PG_GETARG_INT32(0); - LWLockRelease(&tdr_state->lck); + LWLockAcquire(&tdr_dsm->lck, LW_EXCLUSIVE); + tdr_dsm->val = PG_GETARG_INT32(0); + LWLockRelease(&tdr_dsm->lck); PG_RETURN_VOID(); } -PG_FUNCTION_INFO_V1(get_val_in_shmem); +PG_FUNCTION_INFO_V1(get_val_in_dsm); Datum -get_val_in_shmem(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) +get_val_in_dsm(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) { int ret; tdr_attach_shmem(); - LWLockAcquire(&tdr_state->lck, LW_SHARED); - ret = tdr_state->val; - LWLockRelease(&tdr_state->lck); + LWLockAcquire(&tdr_dsm->lck, LW_SHARED); + ret = tdr_dsm->val; + LWLockRelease(&tdr_dsm->lck); PG_RETURN_INT32(ret); } + +PG_FUNCTION_INFO_V1(set_val_in_hash); +Datum +set_val_in_hash(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) +{ + TestDSMRegistryHashEntry *entry; + char *key = TextDatumGetCString(PG_GETARG_DATUM(0)); + char *val = TextDatumGetCString(PG_GETARG_DATUM(1)); + bool found; + + if (strlen(key) >= offsetof(TestDSMRegistryHashEntry, val)) + ereport(ERROR, + (errmsg("key too long"))); + + tdr_attach_shmem(); + + entry = dshash_find_or_insert(tdr_hash, key, &found); + if (found) + dsa_free(tdr_dsa, entry->val); + + entry->val = dsa_allocate(tdr_dsa, strlen(val) + 1); + strcpy(dsa_get_address(tdr_dsa, entry->val), val); + + dshash_release_lock(tdr_hash, entry); + + PG_RETURN_VOID(); +} + +PG_FUNCTION_INFO_V1(get_val_in_hash); +Datum +get_val_in_hash(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS) +{ + TestDSMRegistryHashEntry *entry; + char *key = TextDatumGetCString(PG_GETARG_DATUM(0)); + text *val = NULL; + + tdr_attach_shmem(); + + entry = dshash_find(tdr_hash, key, false); + if (entry == NULL) + PG_RETURN_NULL(); + + val = cstring_to_text(dsa_get_address(tdr_dsa, entry->val)); + + dshash_release_lock(tdr_hash, entry); + + PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(val); +} diff --git a/src/tools/pgindent/typedefs.list b/src/tools/pgindent/typedefs.list index 32d6e718adc..651e4e4f741 100644 --- a/src/tools/pgindent/typedefs.list +++ b/src/tools/pgindent/typedefs.list @@ -601,6 +601,7 @@ DR_intorel DR_printtup DR_sqlfunction DR_transientrel +DSMREntryType DSMRegistryCtxStruct DSMRegistryEntry DWORD @@ -1736,6 +1737,9 @@ Name NameData NameHashEntry NamedArgExpr +NamedDSAState +NamedDSHState +NamedDSMState NamedLWLockTranche NamedLWLockTrancheRequest NamedTuplestoreScan @@ -3006,6 +3010,7 @@ Tcl_Obj Tcl_Size Tcl_Time TempNamespaceStatus +TestDSMRegistryHashEntry TestDSMRegistryStruct TestDecodingData TestDecodingTxnData -- 2.39.5 (Apple Git-154)