From b40ab06155cac38e57f0551a3858d0574d96865f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ilia Evdokimov <ilya.evdokimov@tantorlabs.com>
Date: Wed, 8 Jan 2025 22:15:02 +0300
Subject: [PATCH] Allow setting sample ratio for pg_stat_statements

New configuration parameter pg_stat_statements.sample_ratio makes it
possible to track just a fraction of the queries meeting the configured
threshold, to reduce the amount of tracking.
---
 .../pg_stat_statements/expected/select.out    | 76 +++++++++++++++++++
 .../pg_stat_statements/pg_stat_statements.c   | 54 ++++++++++++-
 contrib/pg_stat_statements/sql/select.sql     | 21 +++++
 doc/src/sgml/pgstatstatements.sgml            | 18 +++++
 4 files changed, 166 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/contrib/pg_stat_statements/expected/select.out b/contrib/pg_stat_statements/expected/select.out
index 37a30af034..558d93fb46 100644
--- a/contrib/pg_stat_statements/expected/select.out
+++ b/contrib/pg_stat_statements/expected/select.out
@@ -153,6 +153,82 @@ SELECT pg_stat_statements_reset() IS NOT NULL AS t;
  t
 (1 row)
 
+--
+-- sample statements
+--
+SET pg_stat_statements.sample_rate = 0.0;
+SELECT 1 AS "int";
+ int 
+-----
+   1
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT query, calls FROM pg_stat_statements ORDER BY query COLLATE "C";
+                       query                        | calls 
+----------------------------------------------------+-------
+ SELECT pg_stat_statements_reset() IS NOT NULL AS t |     1
+(1 row)
+
+SET pg_stat_statements.sample_rate = 1.0;
+SELECT 1 AS "int";
+ int 
+-----
+   1
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT query, calls FROM pg_stat_statements ORDER BY query COLLATE "C";
+                                 query                                  | calls 
+------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------
+ SELECT $1 AS "int"                                                     |     1
+ SELECT pg_stat_statements_reset() IS NOT NULL AS t                     |     1
+ SELECT query, calls FROM pg_stat_statements ORDER BY query COLLATE "C" |     0
+(3 rows)
+
+SELECT pg_stat_statements_reset() IS NOT NULL AS t;
+ t 
+---
+ t
+(1 row)
+
+set pg_stat_statements.sample_rate = 0.0;
+select pg_stat_statements_reset() IS NOT NULL AS t;
+ t 
+---
+ t
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT 1 \parse stmt
+\bind_named stmt \g
+ ?column? 
+----------
+        1
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT query, calls FROM pg_stat_statements ORDER BY query COLLATE "C";
+ query | calls 
+-------+-------
+(0 rows)
+
+set pg_stat_statements.sample_rate = 1.0;
+\bind_named stmt \g
+ ?column? 
+----------
+        1
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT query, calls FROM pg_stat_statements ORDER BY query COLLATE "C";
+                                 query                                  | calls 
+------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------
+ SELECT $1                                                              |     1
+ SELECT query, calls FROM pg_stat_statements ORDER BY query COLLATE "C" |     0
+(2 rows)
+
+select pg_stat_statements_reset() IS NOT NULL AS t;
+ t 
+---
+ t
+(1 row)
+
 --
 -- queries with locking clauses
 --
diff --git a/contrib/pg_stat_statements/pg_stat_statements.c b/contrib/pg_stat_statements/pg_stat_statements.c
index bebf8134eb..52957c4628 100644
--- a/contrib/pg_stat_statements/pg_stat_statements.c
+++ b/contrib/pg_stat_statements/pg_stat_statements.c
@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@
 #include "access/parallel.h"
 #include "catalog/pg_authid.h"
 #include "common/int.h"
+#include "common/pg_prng.h"
 #include "executor/instrument.h"
 #include "funcapi.h"
 #include "jit/jit.h"
@@ -294,6 +295,10 @@ static bool pgss_track_utility = true;	/* whether to track utility commands */
 static bool pgss_track_planning = false;	/* whether to track planning
 											 * duration */
 static bool pgss_save = true;	/* whether to save stats across shutdown */
+static double pgss_sample_rate = 1;
+
+/* Is the current top-level query to be sampled? */
+static bool current_query_sampled = false;
 
 
 #define pgss_enabled(level) \
@@ -414,6 +419,19 @@ _PG_init(void)
 							NULL,
 							NULL);
 
+	DefineCustomRealVariable("pg_stat_statements.sample_rate",
+							 "Fraction of queries to track.",
+							 NULL,
+							 &pgss_sample_rate,
+							 1.0,
+							 0.0,
+							 1.0,
+							 PGC_SUSET,
+							 0,
+							 NULL,
+							 NULL,
+							 NULL);
+
 	DefineCustomEnumVariable("pg_stat_statements.track",
 							 "Selects which statements are tracked by pg_stat_statements.",
 							 NULL,
@@ -889,12 +907,21 @@ pgss_planner(Query *parse,
 {
 	PlannedStmt *result;
 
+	if (nesting_level == 0)
+	{
+		if (!IsParallelWorker())
+			current_query_sampled = pg_prng_double(&pg_global_prng_state) < pgss_sample_rate;
+		else
+			current_query_sampled = false;
+
+	}
+
 	/*
 	 * We can't process the query if no query_string is provided, as
 	 * pgss_store needs it.  We also ignore query without queryid, as it would
 	 * be treated as a utility statement, which may not be the case.
 	 */
-	if (pgss_enabled(nesting_level)
+	if (pgss_enabled(nesting_level) && current_query_sampled
 		&& pgss_track_planning && query_string
 		&& parse->queryId != UINT64CONST(0))
 	{
@@ -994,12 +1021,22 @@ pgss_ExecutorStart(QueryDesc *queryDesc, int eflags)
 	else
 		standard_ExecutorStart(queryDesc, eflags);
 
+	if (nesting_level == 0)
+	{
+		if (!IsParallelWorker())
+			current_query_sampled = pg_prng_double(&pg_global_prng_state) < pgss_sample_rate;
+		else
+			current_query_sampled = false;
+
+	}
+
 	/*
 	 * If query has queryId zero, don't track it.  This prevents double
 	 * counting of optimizable statements that are directly contained in
 	 * utility statements.
 	 */
-	if (pgss_enabled(nesting_level) && queryDesc->plannedstmt->queryId != UINT64CONST(0))
+	if (pgss_enabled(nesting_level) && current_query_sampled &&
+		queryDesc->plannedstmt->queryId != UINT64CONST(0))
 	{
 		/*
 		 * Set up to track total elapsed time in ExecutorRun.  Make sure the
@@ -1111,7 +1148,18 @@ pgss_ProcessUtility(PlannedStmt *pstmt, const char *queryString,
 	uint64		saved_queryId = pstmt->queryId;
 	int			saved_stmt_location = pstmt->stmt_location;
 	int			saved_stmt_len = pstmt->stmt_len;
-	bool		enabled = pgss_track_utility && pgss_enabled(nesting_level);
+	bool		enabled;
+
+	if (nesting_level == 0)
+	{
+		if (!IsParallelWorker())
+			current_query_sampled = pg_prng_double(&pg_global_prng_state) < pgss_sample_rate;
+		else
+			current_query_sampled = false;
+	}
+
+	/* current_query_sampled is in pgss_enabled */
+	enabled = pgss_track_utility && pgss_enabled(nesting_level) && current_query_sampled;
 
 	/*
 	 * Force utility statements to get queryId zero.  We do this even in cases
diff --git a/contrib/pg_stat_statements/sql/select.sql b/contrib/pg_stat_statements/sql/select.sql
index e0be58d5e2..21f09ef94a 100644
--- a/contrib/pg_stat_statements/sql/select.sql
+++ b/contrib/pg_stat_statements/sql/select.sql
@@ -59,6 +59,27 @@ DEALLOCATE pgss_test;
 SELECT calls, rows, query FROM pg_stat_statements ORDER BY query COLLATE "C";
 SELECT pg_stat_statements_reset() IS NOT NULL AS t;
 
+--
+-- sample statements
+--
+SET pg_stat_statements.sample_rate = 0.0;
+SELECT 1 AS "int";
+SELECT query, calls FROM pg_stat_statements ORDER BY query COLLATE "C";
+SET pg_stat_statements.sample_rate = 1.0;
+SELECT 1 AS "int";
+SELECT query, calls FROM pg_stat_statements ORDER BY query COLLATE "C";
+SELECT pg_stat_statements_reset() IS NOT NULL AS t;
+
+set pg_stat_statements.sample_rate = 0.0;
+select pg_stat_statements_reset() IS NOT NULL AS t;
+SELECT 1 \parse stmt
+\bind_named stmt \g
+SELECT query, calls FROM pg_stat_statements ORDER BY query COLLATE "C";
+set pg_stat_statements.sample_rate = 1.0;
+\bind_named stmt \g
+SELECT query, calls FROM pg_stat_statements ORDER BY query COLLATE "C";
+select pg_stat_statements_reset() IS NOT NULL AS t;
+
 --
 -- queries with locking clauses
 --
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/pgstatstatements.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/pgstatstatements.sgml
index 501b468e9a..8ade4e3ced 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/pgstatstatements.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/pgstatstatements.sgml
@@ -936,6 +936,24 @@
     </listitem>
    </varlistentry>
 
+   <varlistentry>
+    <term>
+     <varname>pg_stat_statements.sample_rate</varname> (<type>real</type>)
+     <indexterm>
+      <primary><varname>pg_stat_statements.sample_rate</varname> configuration parameter</primary>
+     </indexterm>
+    </term>
+
+    <listitem>
+     <para>
+      <varname>pg_stat_statements.sample_rate</varname> causes pg_stat_statements to only
+      track a fraction of the statements in each session. The default is 1,
+      meaning track all the queries. In case of nested statements,
+      either all will be tracked or none. Only superusers can change this setting.
+     </para>
+    </listitem>
+   </varlistentry>
+
    <varlistentry>
     <term>
      <varname>pg_stat_statements.save</varname> (<type>boolean</type>)
-- 
2.34.1

