diff --git a/src/test/authentication/t/003_peer.pl b/src/test/authentication/t/003_peer.pl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..57bf2343fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/test/authentication/t/003_peer.pl
@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+
+# Copyright (c) 2022, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
+
+# Tests for peer authentication and user name map.
+# The test is skipped if the platform does not support peer authentication.
+
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+use PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster;
+use PostgreSQL::Test::Utils;
+use Test::More;
+
+# Delete pg_hba.conf from the given node, add a new entry to it
+# and then execute a reload to refresh it.
+sub reset_pg_hba
+{
+	my $node       = shift;
+	my $hba_method = shift;
+
+	unlink($node->data_dir . '/pg_hba.conf');
+	# just for testing purposes, use a continuation line.
+	$node->append_conf('pg_hba.conf', "local all all\\\n $hba_method");
+	$node->reload;
+	return;
+}
+
+# Test access for a single role, useful to wrap all tests into one.
+sub test_role
+{
+  local $Test::Builder::Level = $Test::Builder::Level + 1;
+
+  my ($node, $role, $method, $expected_res, %params) = @_;
+  my $status_string = 'failed';
+  $status_string = 'success' if ($expected_res eq 0);
+
+  my $connstr = "user=$role";
+  my $testname =
+    "authentication $status_string for method $method, role $role";
+
+  if ($expected_res eq 0)
+  {
+    $node->connect_ok($connstr, $testname, %params);
+  }
+  else
+  {
+      # No checks of the error message, only the status code.
+      $node->connect_fails($connstr, $testname, %params);
+  }
+}
+
+# find $pat in logfile of $node.
+sub find_in_log
+{
+  my ($node, $pat) = @_;
+
+  my $log = PostgreSQL::Test::Utils::slurp_file($node->logfile);
+  return 0 if (length($log) <= 0);
+
+  return $log =~ m/$pat/;
+}
+
+# Initialize primary node.
+my $node = PostgreSQL::Test::Cluster->new('primary');
+$node->init;
+$node->append_conf('postgresql.conf', "log_connections = on\n");
+$node->start;
+
+# Set pg_hba.conf with the peer authentication.
+reset_pg_hba($node, 'peer');
+
+# Check that peer authentication is supported on this platform.
+$node->psql('postgres');
+
+# If not supported, then skip the rest of the test.
+if (find_in_log($node, qr/peer authentication is not supported on this platform/))
+{
+    plan skip_all => 'peer authentication is not supported on this platform';
+}
+
+# Let's create a new user for the user name map test.
+$node->safe_psql('postgres',
+  qq{CREATE USER testmapuser});
+
+# Get the system_user to define the user name map test.
+my $system_user =
+  $node->safe_psql('postgres', q(select (string_to_array(SYSTEM_USER, ':'))[2]));
+
+# This connection should succeed.
+test_role($node, $system_user, 'peer', 0,
+    log_like =>
+      [qr/connection authenticated: identity="$system_user" method=peer/]);
+
+# This connection should failed.
+test_role($node, qq{testmapuser}, 'peer', 2,
+    log_like => [qr/Peer authentication failed for user "testmapuser"/]);
+
+# Define a user name map.
+$node->append_conf('pg_ident.conf', qq{mypeermap $system_user testmapuser});
+
+# Set pg_hba.conf with the peer authentication and the user name map.
+reset_pg_hba($node, 'peer map=mypeermap');
+
+# This connection should now succeed.
+test_role($node, qq{testmapuser}, 'peer', 0,
+    log_like =>
+      [qr/connection authenticated: identity="$system_user" method=peer/]);
+
+done_testing();