System: Laptop (XPS 13 2018, i7-8550U 4c/8t, 16GB) Compile configuration: ./configure CFLAGS= -fno-omit-frame-pointer -ggdb -O2 Postgres configuration: default postgresql config files. All tests were run after getting the system hot with 15 minutes of other multi-thread benchmarking (~50% all-core load), and all tests had perf running attached to one of the backends for 900 seconds of the 930s benchmark PGBench command: pgbench postgres --random-seed=101 -P 10 -r -T 930 -c 10 -M prepared -s 100 -f bench_multicolumn.sql ----- \d+ pgbench_history Table "public.pgbench_history" Column | Type | Collation | Nullable | Default | Storage | Stats target | Description --------+-----------------------------+-----------+----------+---------+----------+--------------+------------- tid | integer | | | | plain | | bid | integer | | | | plain | | aid | integer | | | | plain | | delta | integer | | | | plain | | mtime | timestamp without time zone | | | | plain | | filler | character(22) | | | | extended | | Indexes: "pgbench_history_aid_idx" btree (aid) "pgbench_history_aid_idx1" btree (aid) "pgbench_history_aid_idx2" btree (aid) "pgbench_history_aid_idx3" btree (aid) "pgbench_history_aid_idx4" btree (aid) Access method: heap \d+ pgbench_history_2 Table "public.pgbench_history_2" Column | Type | Collation | Nullable | Default | Storage | Stats target | Description --------+-----------------------------+-----------+----------+---------+----------+--------------+------------- tid | integer | | | | plain | | bid | integer | | | | plain | | aid | integer | | | | plain | | delta | integer | | | | plain | | mtime | timestamp without time zone | | | | plain | | filler | character(22) | | | | extended | | Indexes: "pgbench_history_2_bid_tid_aid_idx" btree ((bid::text) COLLATE "en_GB.utf8", (tid::text) COLLATE "en_GB.utf8", (aid::text) COLLATE "en_GB.utf8") "pgbench_history_2_bid_tid_aid_idx1" btree ((bid::text) COLLATE "en_GB.utf8", (tid::text) COLLATE "en_GB.utf8", (aid::text) COLLATE "en_GB.utf8") "pgbench_history_2_bid_tid_aid_idx2" btree ((bid::text) COLLATE "en_GB.utf8", (tid::text) COLLATE "en_GB.utf8", (aid::text) COLLATE "en_GB.utf8") Access method: heap ----- # cat bench.sql \set aid random(1, 100000 * :scale) \set bid random(1, 1 * :scale) \set tid random(1, 10 * :scale) \set delta random(-5000, 5000) \set aid2 random(1, 100000 * :scale) \set bid2 random(1, 1 * :scale) \set tid2 random(1, 10 * :scale) \set delta2 random(-5000, 5000) \set aid3 random(1, 100000 * :scale) \set bid3 random(1, 1 * :scale) \set tid3 random(1, 10 * :scale) \set delta3 random(-5000, 5000) \set aid4 random(1, 100000 * :scale) \set bid4 random(1, 1 * :scale) \set tid4 random(1, 10 * :scale) \set delta4 random(-5000, 5000) \set aidsel random(1, 100000 * :scale) \set bidsel random(1, 1 * :scale) \set tidsel random(1, 10 * :scale) BEGIN; INSERT INTO pgbench_history (tid, bid, aid, delta, mtime) SELECT tid.val, bid.val, aid.val, delta.val, CURRENT_TIMESTAMP FROM unnest(ARRAY[ :tid, :tid2, :tid3, :tid4 ]::int[]) AS tid(val) CROSS JOIN unnest(ARRAY[ :aid, :aid2, :aid3, :aid4 ]::int[]) AS aid(val) CROSS JOIN unnest(ARRAY[ :bid, :bid2, :bid3, :bid4 ]::int[]) AS bid(val) CROSS JOIN unnest(ARRAY[ :delta, :delta2, :delta3, :delta4 ]::int[]) AS delta(val) ORDER BY 1,2,3,4; END; ----- # cat bench_multicolumn.sql \set aid random(1, 100000 * :scale) \set bid random(1, 1 * :scale) \set tid random(1, 10 * :scale) \set delta random(-5000, 5000) \set aid2 random(1, 100000 * :scale) \set bid2 random(1, 1 * :scale) \set tid2 random(1, 10 * :scale) \set delta2 random(-5000, 5000) \set aid3 random(1, 100000 * :scale) \set bid3 random(1, 1 * :scale) \set tid3 random(1, 10 * :scale) \set delta3 random(-5000, 5000) \set aid4 random(1, 100000 * :scale) \set bid4 random(1, 1 * :scale) \set tid4 random(1, 10 * :scale) \set delta4 random(-5000, 5000) \set aidsel random(1, 100000 * :scale) \set bidsel random(1, 1 * :scale) \set tidsel random(1, 10 * :scale) BEGIN; INSERT INTO pgbench_history_2 (tid, bid, aid, delta, mtime) SELECT tid.val, bid.val, aid.val, delta.val, CURRENT_TIMESTAMP FROM unnest(ARRAY[ :tid, :tid2, :tid3, :tid4 ]::int[]) AS tid(val) CROSS JOIN unnest(ARRAY[ :aid, :aid2, :aid3, :aid4 ]::int[]) AS aid(val) CROSS JOIN unnest(ARRAY[ :bid, :bid2, :bid3, :bid4 ]::int[]) AS bid(val) CROSS JOIN unnest(ARRAY[ :delta, :delta2, :delta3, :delta4 ]::int[]) AS delta(val) ORDER BY 1,2,3,4; END; ------ patched, 930 s, bench.sql pgbench: setting random seed to 101 starting vacuum...end. progress: 10.0 s, 341.0 tps, lat 29.089 ms stddev 30.810 progress: 20.0 s, 319.8 tps, lat 31.171 ms stddev 10.435 progress: 30.0 s, 247.4 tps, lat 38.007 ms stddev 18.556 progress: 40.0 s, 264.2 tps, lat 39.939 ms stddev 76.057 progress: 50.0 s, 227.6 tps, lat 43.968 ms stddev 28.792 progress: 60.0 s, 301.9 tps, lat 33.063 ms stddev 40.975 progress: 70.0 s, 229.6 tps, lat 43.487 ms stddev 108.210 progress: 80.0 s, 335.9 tps, lat 29.665 ms stddev 24.645 progress: 90.0 s, 172.6 tps, lat 57.101 ms stddev 143.803 progress: 100.0 s, 271.4 tps, lat 37.329 ms stddev 101.465 progress: 110.0 s, 223.8 tps, lat 44.595 ms stddev 54.963 progress: 120.0 s, 297.0 tps, lat 33.564 ms stddev 11.235 progress: 130.0 s, 190.0 tps, lat 52.578 ms stddev 84.232 progress: 140.0 s, 287.3 tps, lat 34.508 ms stddev 22.400 progress: 150.0 s, 244.5 tps, lat 41.034 ms stddev 59.983 progress: 160.0 s, 144.1 tps, lat 51.613 ms stddev 104.385 progress: 170.0 s, 253.4 tps, lat 49.536 ms stddev 182.602 progress: 180.0 s, 129.6 tps, lat 67.945 ms stddev 115.509 progress: 190.0 s, 219.4 tps, lat 50.908 ms stddev 171.248 progress: 200.0 s, 217.8 tps, lat 45.827 ms stddev 41.240 progress: 210.0 s, 275.8 tps, lat 36.161 ms stddev 13.430 progress: 220.0 s, 126.5 tps, lat 79.032 ms stddev 212.278 progress: 230.0 s, 239.1 tps, lat 41.366 ms stddev 32.036 progress: 240.0 s, 227.8 tps, lat 44.042 ms stddev 59.363 progress: 250.0 s, 152.7 tps, lat 62.596 ms stddev 118.120 progress: 260.0 s, 262.3 tps, lat 39.728 ms stddev 34.226 progress: 270.0 s, 208.1 tps, lat 47.917 ms stddev 76.345 progress: 280.0 s, 181.4 tps, lat 54.180 ms stddev 78.126 progress: 290.0 s, 222.6 tps, lat 45.635 ms stddev 87.984 progress: 300.0 s, 173.2 tps, lat 57.669 ms stddev 100.865 progress: 310.0 s, 244.9 tps, lat 40.697 ms stddev 11.285 progress: 320.0 s, 146.3 tps, lat 68.471 ms stddev 256.766 progress: 330.0 s, 203.7 tps, lat 47.753 ms stddev 41.044 progress: 340.0 s, 159.0 tps, lat 64.396 ms stddev 217.094 progress: 350.0 s, 136.2 tps, lat 73.353 ms stddev 227.920 progress: 360.0 s, 215.2 tps, lat 46.403 ms stddev 46.676 progress: 370.0 s, 144.9 tps, lat 68.682 ms stddev 122.000 progress: 380.0 s, 247.4 tps, lat 40.382 ms stddev 41.599 progress: 390.0 s, 200.9 tps, lat 49.744 ms stddev 98.925 progress: 400.0 s, 185.9 tps, lat 50.971 ms stddev 73.078 progress: 410.0 s, 210.1 tps, lat 49.879 ms stddev 104.948 progress: 420.0 s, 152.3 tps, lat 65.604 ms stddev 118.946 progress: 430.0 s, 255.7 tps, lat 39.041 ms stddev 11.417 progress: 440.0 s, 158.8 tps, lat 62.968 ms stddev 121.171 progress: 450.0 s, 168.5 tps, lat 57.488 ms stddev 84.297 progress: 460.0 s, 191.6 tps, lat 53.493 ms stddev 124.024 progress: 470.0 s, 116.5 tps, lat 79.623 ms stddev 277.348 progress: 480.0 s, 233.9 tps, lat 45.812 ms stddev 86.531 progress: 490.0 s, 138.4 tps, lat 72.205 ms stddev 142.392 progress: 500.0 s, 186.6 tps, lat 53.620 ms stddev 129.372 progress: 510.0 s, 200.3 tps, lat 49.802 ms stddev 46.425 progress: 520.0 s, 172.8 tps, lat 55.253 ms stddev 82.574 progress: 530.0 s, 153.3 tps, lat 67.972 ms stddev 168.677 progress: 540.0 s, 165.7 tps, lat 60.225 ms stddev 90.945 progress: 550.0 s, 261.4 tps, lat 38.208 ms stddev 14.819 progress: 560.0 s, 118.0 tps, lat 84.580 ms stddev 164.559 progress: 570.0 s, 218.8 tps, lat 45.462 ms stddev 49.899 progress: 580.0 s, 198.9 tps, lat 50.508 ms stddev 89.160 progress: 590.0 s, 125.4 tps, lat 79.599 ms stddev 149.763 progress: 600.0 s, 232.0 tps, lat 42.878 ms stddev 18.589 progress: 610.0 s, 142.0 tps, lat 70.308 ms stddev 149.538 progress: 620.0 s, 211.2 tps, lat 44.240 ms stddev 52.681 progress: 630.0 s, 181.0 tps, lat 58.747 ms stddev 193.505 progress: 640.0 s, 121.0 tps, lat 79.193 ms stddev 271.643 progress: 650.0 s, 168.6 tps, lat 61.646 ms stddev 168.953 progress: 660.0 s, 130.9 tps, lat 75.944 ms stddev 219.201 progress: 670.0 s, 196.8 tps, lat 50.921 ms stddev 55.397 progress: 680.0 s, 118.3 tps, lat 84.445 ms stddev 154.030 progress: 690.0 s, 238.6 tps, lat 41.867 ms stddev 32.984 progress: 700.0 s, 139.4 tps, lat 71.821 ms stddev 124.981 progress: 710.0 s, 202.1 tps, lat 48.222 ms stddev 24.230 progress: 720.0 s, 127.5 tps, lat 80.099 ms stddev 215.664 progress: 730.0 s, 172.4 tps, lat 56.097 ms stddev 54.861 progress: 740.0 s, 165.8 tps, lat 62.131 ms stddev 167.580 progress: 750.0 s, 133.3 tps, lat 73.846 ms stddev 215.322 progress: 760.0 s, 189.3 tps, lat 53.416 ms stddev 65.091 progress: 770.0 s, 115.6 tps, lat 86.455 ms stddev 168.831 progress: 780.0 s, 172.2 tps, lat 58.051 ms stddev 76.124 progress: 790.0 s, 146.3 tps, lat 68.235 ms stddev 137.139 progress: 800.0 s, 224.1 tps, lat 44.547 ms stddev 16.364 progress: 810.0 s, 126.2 tps, lat 79.209 ms stddev 229.841 progress: 820.0 s, 205.1 tps, lat 46.008 ms stddev 10.014 progress: 830.0 s, 127.7 tps, lat 81.160 ms stddev 175.965 progress: 840.0 s, 140.6 tps, lat 72.159 ms stddev 204.774 progress: 850.0 s, 183.8 tps, lat 54.245 ms stddev 42.740 progress: 860.0 s, 143.2 tps, lat 68.757 ms stddev 106.735 progress: 870.0 s, 154.1 tps, lat 65.654 ms stddev 158.173 progress: 880.0 s, 137.5 tps, lat 70.474 ms stddev 110.565 progress: 890.0 s, 184.7 tps, lat 55.848 ms stddev 87.179 progress: 900.0 s, 115.7 tps, lat 86.003 ms stddev 299.908 progress: 910.0 s, 194.3 tps, lat 51.392 ms stddev 13.637 progress: 920.0 s, 108.3 tps, lat 92.466 ms stddev 209.959 progress: 930.0 s, 168.1 tps, lat 47.101 ms stddev 36.065 transaction type: bench.sql scaling factor: 100 query mode: prepared number of clients: 10 number of threads: 1 duration: 930 s number of transactions actually processed: 178177 latency average = 52.129 ms latency stddev = 114.687 ms tps = 191.518158 (including connections establishing) tps = 191.518738 (excluding connections establishing) statement latencies in milliseconds: 0.003 \set aid random(1, 100000 * :scale) 0.001 \set bid random(1, 1 * :scale) 0.001 \set tid random(1, 10 * :scale) 0.001 \set delta random(-5000, 5000) 0.001 \set aid2 random(1, 100000 * :scale) 0.001 \set bid2 random(1, 1 * :scale) 0.001 \set tid2 random(1, 10 * :scale) 0.001 \set delta2 random(-5000, 5000) 0.001 \set aid3 random(1, 100000 * :scale) 0.001 \set bid3 random(1, 1 * :scale) 0.001 \set tid3 random(1, 10 * :scale) 0.001 \set delta3 random(-5000, 5000) 0.001 \set aid4 random(1, 100000 * :scale) 0.001 \set bid4 random(1, 1 * :scale) 0.001 \set tid4 random(1, 10 * :scale) 0.001 \set delta4 random(-5000, 5000) 0.001 \set aidsel random(1, 100000 * :scale) 0.001 \set bidsel random(1, 1 * :scale) 0.001 \set tidsel random(1, 10 * :scale) 0.356 BEGIN; 17.408 INSERT INTO pgbench_history (tid, bid, aid, delta, mtime) 34.344 END; ----- master, 930 s, bench.sql pgbench: setting random seed to 101 starting vacuum...end. progress: 10.0 s, 312.5 tps, lat 31.717 ms stddev 14.195 progress: 20.0 s, 262.3 tps, lat 37.993 ms stddev 11.230 progress: 30.0 s, 272.7 tps, lat 36.714 ms stddev 23.265 progress: 40.0 s, 263.0 tps, lat 37.879 ms stddev 65.930 progress: 50.0 s, 224.8 tps, lat 44.470 ms stddev 86.014 progress: 60.0 s, 286.2 tps, lat 34.900 ms stddev 13.527 progress: 70.0 s, 165.2 tps, lat 60.233 ms stddev 171.420 progress: 80.0 s, 248.7 tps, lat 40.269 ms stddev 36.533 progress: 90.0 s, 190.4 tps, lat 52.448 ms stddev 41.025 progress: 100.0 s, 115.8 tps, lat 85.946 ms stddev 293.640 progress: 110.0 s, 286.4 tps, lat 34.936 ms stddev 14.323 progress: 120.0 s, 160.8 tps, lat 62.172 ms stddev 92.608 progress: 130.0 s, 215.8 tps, lat 46.146 ms stddev 131.800 progress: 140.0 s, 182.3 tps, lat 54.950 ms stddev 71.712 progress: 150.0 s, 256.6 tps, lat 38.815 ms stddev 11.481 progress: 160.0 s, 127.3 tps, lat 72.627 ms stddev 275.988 progress: 170.0 s, 191.9 tps, lat 55.868 ms stddev 185.480 progress: 180.0 s, 214.0 tps, lat 45.943 ms stddev 39.222 progress: 190.0 s, 160.0 tps, lat 63.257 ms stddev 130.757 progress: 200.0 s, 219.6 tps, lat 43.744 ms stddev 28.191 progress: 210.0 s, 181.0 tps, lat 57.440 ms stddev 99.531 progress: 220.0 s, 151.7 tps, lat 65.776 ms stddev 213.306 progress: 230.0 s, 159.7 tps, lat 62.497 ms stddev 136.030 progress: 240.0 s, 238.4 tps, lat 39.954 ms stddev 11.079 progress: 250.0 s, 132.1 tps, lat 79.017 ms stddev 143.541 progress: 260.0 s, 226.1 tps, lat 43.954 ms stddev 35.270 progress: 270.0 s, 204.8 tps, lat 49.023 ms stddev 69.802 progress: 280.0 s, 147.9 tps, lat 55.598 ms stddev 74.641 progress: 290.0 s, 206.6 tps, lat 56.805 ms stddev 187.694 progress: 300.0 s, 143.2 tps, lat 67.343 ms stddev 118.650 progress: 310.0 s, 214.7 tps, lat 43.773 ms stddev 35.842 progress: 320.0 s, 164.4 tps, lat 66.286 ms stddev 180.354 progress: 330.0 s, 218.8 tps, lat 45.652 ms stddev 12.087 progress: 340.0 s, 84.8 tps, lat 117.904 ms stddev 273.770 progress: 350.0 s, 184.5 tps, lat 54.002 ms stddev 138.251 progress: 360.0 s, 137.6 tps, lat 72.837 ms stddev 132.434 progress: 370.0 s, 226.8 tps, lat 44.034 ms stddev 13.589 progress: 380.0 s, 129.8 tps, lat 76.705 ms stddev 184.436 progress: 390.0 s, 211.2 tps, lat 47.189 ms stddev 11.393 progress: 400.0 s, 105.4 tps, lat 94.978 ms stddev 204.029 progress: 410.0 s, 192.0 tps, lat 51.845 ms stddev 79.272 progress: 420.0 s, 153.4 tps, lat 65.260 ms stddev 117.110 progress: 430.0 s, 221.9 tps, lat 45.092 ms stddev 12.958 progress: 440.0 s, 133.4 tps, lat 74.657 ms stddev 248.591 progress: 450.0 s, 197.3 tps, lat 50.618 ms stddev 37.545 progress: 460.0 s, 127.0 tps, lat 78.603 ms stddev 178.486 progress: 470.0 s, 175.3 tps, lat 57.002 ms stddev 162.394 progress: 480.0 s, 147.5 tps, lat 67.667 ms stddev 141.490 progress: 490.0 s, 228.5 tps, lat 43.423 ms stddev 11.420 progress: 500.0 s, 126.2 tps, lat 79.533 ms stddev 198.813 progress: 510.0 s, 188.5 tps, lat 51.785 ms stddev 60.370 progress: 520.0 s, 167.0 tps, lat 61.005 ms stddev 119.650 progress: 530.0 s, 133.8 tps, lat 74.877 ms stddev 230.466 progress: 540.0 s, 210.7 tps, lat 47.299 ms stddev 31.189 progress: 550.0 s, 114.6 tps, lat 80.473 ms stddev 167.048 progress: 560.0 s, 185.0 tps, lat 58.132 ms stddev 152.718 progress: 570.0 s, 160.7 tps, lat 62.098 ms stddev 77.087 progress: 580.0 s, 204.3 tps, lat 48.962 ms stddev 18.831 progress: 590.0 s, 101.2 tps, lat 98.628 ms stddev 290.047 progress: 600.0 s, 201.8 tps, lat 49.564 ms stddev 14.297 progress: 610.0 s, 114.3 tps, lat 87.298 ms stddev 188.860 progress: 620.0 s, 194.8 tps, lat 47.937 ms stddev 85.735 progress: 630.0 s, 165.2 tps, lat 64.231 ms stddev 140.820 progress: 640.0 s, 182.4 tps, lat 54.844 ms stddev 76.489 progress: 650.0 s, 69.6 tps, lat 143.706 ms stddev 303.705 progress: 660.0 s, 210.7 tps, lat 47.316 ms stddev 14.321 progress: 670.0 s, 108.9 tps, lat 91.912 ms stddev 222.168 progress: 680.0 s, 206.9 tps, lat 47.959 ms stddev 12.506 progress: 690.0 s, 135.4 tps, lat 74.120 ms stddev 246.657 progress: 700.0 s, 202.9 tps, lat 46.287 ms stddev 11.305 progress: 710.0 s, 119.2 tps, lat 88.569 ms stddev 186.168 progress: 720.0 s, 181.4 tps, lat 54.055 ms stddev 120.903 progress: 730.0 s, 175.1 tps, lat 58.069 ms stddev 71.869 progress: 740.0 s, 131.0 tps, lat 73.536 ms stddev 152.709 progress: 750.0 s, 216.3 tps, lat 47.885 ms stddev 82.389 progress: 760.0 s, 128.8 tps, lat 77.422 ms stddev 166.961 progress: 770.0 s, 228.6 tps, lat 43.780 ms stddev 19.923 progress: 780.0 s, 131.7 tps, lat 75.922 ms stddev 205.226 progress: 790.0 s, 192.8 tps, lat 50.344 ms stddev 52.140 progress: 800.0 s, 177.0 tps, lat 57.879 ms stddev 152.870 progress: 810.0 s, 153.3 tps, lat 65.338 ms stddev 239.970 progress: 820.0 s, 231.9 tps, lat 43.010 ms stddev 12.916 progress: 830.0 s, 124.9 tps, lat 79.828 ms stddev 169.748 progress: 840.0 s, 168.6 tps, lat 59.181 ms stddev 139.497 progress: 850.0 s, 181.9 tps, lat 54.637 ms stddev 63.153 progress: 860.0 s, 154.8 tps, lat 62.182 ms stddev 76.714 progress: 870.0 s, 130.3 tps, lat 79.718 ms stddev 248.145 progress: 880.0 s, 160.3 tps, lat 54.626 ms stddev 57.105 progress: 890.0 s, 112.6 tps, lat 99.791 ms stddev 287.384 progress: 900.0 s, 109.1 tps, lat 91.646 ms stddev 318.205 progress: 910.0 s, 135.5 tps, lat 73.656 ms stddev 138.860 progress: 920.0 s, 216.3 tps, lat 46.173 ms stddev 11.084 progress: 930.0 s, 92.5 tps, lat 108.177 ms stddev 219.292 transaction type: bench.sql scaling factor: 100 query mode: prepared number of clients: 10 number of threads: 1 duration: 930 s number of transactions actually processed: 164419 latency average = 56.479 ms latency stddev = 127.463 ms tps = 176.784451 (including connections establishing) tps = 176.785074 (excluding connections establishing) statement latencies in milliseconds: 0.003 \set aid random(1, 100000 * :scale) 0.001 \set bid random(1, 1 * :scale) 0.001 \set tid random(1, 10 * :scale) 0.001 \set delta random(-5000, 5000) 0.001 \set aid2 random(1, 100000 * :scale) 0.001 \set bid2 random(1, 1 * :scale) 0.001 \set tid2 random(1, 10 * :scale) 0.001 \set delta2 random(-5000, 5000) 0.001 \set aid3 random(1, 100000 * :scale) 0.001 \set bid3 random(1, 1 * :scale) 0.001 \set tid3 random(1, 10 * :scale) 0.001 \set delta3 random(-5000, 5000) 0.001 \set aid4 random(1, 100000 * :scale) 0.001 \set bid4 random(1, 1 * :scale) 0.001 \set tid4 random(1, 10 * :scale) 0.001 \set delta4 random(-5000, 5000) 0.001 \set aidsel random(1, 100000 * :scale) 0.001 \set bidsel random(1, 1 * :scale) 0.001 \set tidsel random(1, 10 * :scale) 0.361 BEGIN; 18.019 INSERT INTO pgbench_history (tid, bid, aid, delta, mtime) 38.078 END; ----- master, 930s, bench_multicolumn.sql pgbench: setting random seed to 101 starting vacuum...end. progress: 10.0 s, 430.8 tps, lat 23.133 ms stddev 8.663 progress: 20.0 s, 396.7 tps, lat 25.159 ms stddev 9.469 progress: 30.0 s, 268.1 tps, lat 37.273 ms stddev 19.749 progress: 40.0 s, 213.6 tps, lat 46.806 ms stddev 119.588 progress: 50.0 s, 266.8 tps, lat 36.114 ms stddev 22.595 progress: 60.0 s, 190.5 tps, lat 53.182 ms stddev 112.206 progress: 70.0 s, 224.8 tps, lat 45.354 ms stddev 190.966 progress: 80.0 s, 267.4 tps, lat 37.350 ms stddev 18.173 progress: 90.0 s, 90.9 tps, lat 110.253 ms stddev 375.539 progress: 100.0 s, 236.9 tps, lat 42.115 ms stddev 213.869 progress: 110.0 s, 247.8 tps, lat 40.288 ms stddev 43.067 progress: 120.0 s, 163.6 tps, lat 61.188 ms stddev 169.101 progress: 130.0 s, 199.6 tps, lat 32.540 ms stddev 19.470 progress: 140.0 s, 115.6 tps, lat 107.340 ms stddev 352.879 progress: 150.0 s, 252.4 tps, lat 43.892 ms stddev 127.978 progress: 160.0 s, 150.2 tps, lat 49.491 ms stddev 21.708 progress: 170.0 s, 149.9 tps, lat 83.520 ms stddev 418.274 progress: 180.0 s, 225.5 tps, lat 39.943 ms stddev 20.760 progress: 190.0 s, 100.5 tps, lat 101.205 ms stddev 280.655 progress: 200.0 s, 207.0 tps, lat 52.350 ms stddev 131.781 progress: 210.0 s, 105.1 tps, lat 94.512 ms stddev 243.827 progress: 220.0 s, 219.0 tps, lat 43.176 ms stddev 21.080 progress: 230.0 s, 105.2 tps, lat 100.327 ms stddev 357.633 ^[OS^[ ~^[progress: 240.0 s, 233.4 tps, lat 42.653 ms stddev 41.913 progress: 250.0 s, 123.6 tps, lat 81.513 ms stddev 219.729 progress: 260.0 s, 142.1 tps, lat 70.376 ms stddev 200.171 progress: 270.0 s, 159.8 tps, lat 62.572 ms stddev 142.659 progress: 280.0 s, 148.8 tps, lat 63.117 ms stddev 116.285 progress: 290.0 s, 175.1 tps, lat 60.219 ms stddev 182.777 progress: 300.0 s, 95.2 tps, lat 104.471 ms stddev 230.961 progress: 310.0 s, 213.3 tps, lat 47.123 ms stddev 26.251 progress: 320.0 s, 70.4 tps, lat 142.142 ms stddev 468.454 progress: 330.0 s, 192.0 tps, lat 51.311 ms stddev 38.811 progress: 340.0 s, 89.6 tps, lat 113.461 ms stddev 311.851 progress: 350.0 s, 186.9 tps, lat 52.970 ms stddev 107.756 progress: 360.0 s, 149.4 tps, lat 67.484 ms stddev 173.089 progress: 370.0 s, 101.3 tps, lat 98.464 ms stddev 363.240 progress: 380.0 s, 208.9 tps, lat 47.840 ms stddev 17.286 progress: 390.0 s, 129.3 tps, lat 77.385 ms stddev 251.631 progress: 400.0 s, 123.8 tps, lat 76.163 ms stddev 168.368 progress: 410.0 s, 167.0 tps, lat 62.836 ms stddev 121.803 progress: 420.0 s, 112.4 tps, lat 89.379 ms stddev 209.648 progress: 430.0 s, 165.4 tps, lat 52.842 ms stddev 21.411 progress: 440.0 s, 127.3 tps, lat 88.522 ms stddev 281.637 progress: 450.0 s, 94.0 tps, lat 98.969 ms stddev 214.125 progress: 460.0 s, 196.7 tps, lat 54.223 ms stddev 115.539 progress: 470.0 s, 108.8 tps, lat 91.794 ms stddev 319.129 progress: 480.0 s, 122.1 tps, lat 80.696 ms stddev 196.234 progress: 490.0 s, 170.5 tps, lat 59.599 ms stddev 122.153 progress: 500.0 s, 99.2 tps, lat 100.730 ms stddev 277.295 progress: 510.0 s, 148.5 tps, lat 63.083 ms stddev 129.138 progress: 520.0 s, 149.8 tps, lat 70.758 ms stddev 246.407 progress: 530.0 s, 88.5 tps, lat 113.259 ms stddev 332.573 progress: 540.0 s, 170.2 tps, lat 56.910 ms stddev 107.577 progress: 550.0 s, 135.0 tps, lat 76.030 ms stddev 210.734 progress: 560.0 s, 79.9 tps, lat 125.229 ms stddev 244.893 progress: 570.0 s, 181.1 tps, lat 52.076 ms stddev 23.068 progress: 580.0 s, 126.9 tps, lat 83.354 ms stddev 220.131 progress: 590.0 s, 92.7 tps, lat 107.679 ms stddev 237.332 progress: 600.0 s, 172.7 tps, lat 57.274 ms stddev 84.826 progress: 610.0 s, 145.2 tps, lat 69.548 ms stddev 149.931 progress: 620.0 s, 90.6 tps, lat 110.333 ms stddev 251.717 progress: 630.0 s, 147.6 tps, lat 60.933 ms stddev 92.366 progress: 640.0 s, 187.2 tps, lat 58.374 ms stddev 152.668 progress: 650.0 s, 187.9 tps, lat 53.002 ms stddev 110.319 progress: 660.0 s, 145.5 tps, lat 69.447 ms stddev 162.522 progress: 670.0 s, 131.2 tps, lat 76.227 ms stddev 200.570 progress: 680.0 s, 121.4 tps, lat 81.743 ms stddev 160.592 progress: 690.0 s, 155.2 tps, lat 52.632 ms stddev 70.630 progress: 700.0 s, 181.6 tps, lat 62.099 ms stddev 158.982 progress: 710.0 s, 156.5 tps, lat 65.605 ms stddev 150.245 progress: 720.0 s, 141.2 tps, lat 73.262 ms stddev 164.604 progress: 730.0 s, 120.1 tps, lat 82.681 ms stddev 140.803 progress: 740.0 s, 175.7 tps, lat 57.051 ms stddev 114.034 progress: 750.0 s, 147.6 tps, lat 67.595 ms stddev 147.916 progress: 760.0 s, 169.0 tps, lat 59.360 ms stddev 103.024 progress: 770.0 s, 156.3 tps, lat 56.774 ms stddev 64.596 progress: 780.0 s, 173.8 tps, lat 60.229 ms stddev 145.519 progress: 790.0 s, 171.7 tps, lat 60.409 ms stddev 139.820 progress: 800.0 s, 171.4 tps, lat 56.860 ms stddev 101.722 progress: 810.0 s, 136.4 tps, lat 72.898 ms stddev 193.728 progress: 820.0 s, 157.6 tps, lat 66.915 ms stddev 136.713 progress: 830.0 s, 197.3 tps, lat 50.840 ms stddev 111.424 progress: 840.0 s, 120.8 tps, lat 82.673 ms stddev 270.600 progress: 850.0 s, 151.8 tps, lat 65.834 ms stddev 132.691 progress: 860.0 s, 184.0 tps, lat 54.286 ms stddev 106.034 progress: 870.0 s, 132.6 tps, lat 75.403 ms stddev 175.190 progress: 880.0 s, 155.6 tps, lat 64.321 ms stddev 144.043 progress: 890.0 s, 138.1 tps, lat 72.183 ms stddev 149.395 progress: 900.0 s, 146.5 tps, lat 68.217 ms stddev 129.466 progress: 910.0 s, 155.5 tps, lat 59.979 ms stddev 69.778 progress: 920.0 s, 109.1 tps, lat 97.855 ms stddev 169.143 progress: 930.0 s, 115.1 tps, lat 86.888 ms stddev 157.241 transaction type: bench_multicolumn.sql scaling factor: 100 query mode: prepared number of clients: 10 number of threads: 1 duration: 930 s number of transactions actually processed: 150577 latency average = 61.729 ms latency stddev = 165.584 ms tps = 161.902177 (including connections establishing) tps = 161.902494 (excluding connections establishing) statement latencies in milliseconds: 0.002 \set aid random(1, 100000 * :scale) 0.001 \set bid random(1, 1 * :scale) 0.001 \set tid random(1, 10 * :scale) 0.001 \set delta random(-5000, 5000) 0.001 \set aid2 random(1, 100000 * :scale) 0.001 \set bid2 random(1, 1 * :scale) 0.001 \set tid2 random(1, 10 * :scale) 0.001 \set delta2 random(-5000, 5000) 0.000 \set aid3 random(1, 100000 * :scale) 0.001 \set bid3 random(1, 1 * :scale) 0.001 \set tid3 random(1, 10 * :scale) 0.001 \set delta3 random(-5000, 5000) 0.001 \set aid4 random(1, 100000 * :scale) 0.001 \set bid4 random(1, 1 * :scale) 0.001 \set tid4 random(1, 10 * :scale) 0.001 \set delta4 random(-5000, 5000) 0.001 \set aidsel random(1, 100000 * :scale) 0.001 \set bidsel random(1, 1 * :scale) 0.000 \set tidsel random(1, 10 * :scale) 0.256 BEGIN; 23.732 INSERT INTO pgbench_history_2 (tid, bid, aid, delta, mtime) 37.728 END; patched, 930 s, bench_multicolumn.sql pgbench: setting random seed to 101 starting vacuum...end. progress: 10.0 s, 245.9 tps, lat 40.426 ms stddev 13.338 progress: 20.0 s, 244.9 tps, lat 40.778 ms stddev 11.499 progress: 30.0 s, 220.2 tps, lat 44.843 ms stddev 13.181 progress: 40.0 s, 176.9 tps, lat 57.154 ms stddev 39.953 progress: 50.0 s, 213.6 tps, lat 46.762 ms stddev 13.346 progress: 60.0 s, 488.2 tps, lat 20.475 ms stddev 17.779 progress: 70.0 s, 470.3 tps, lat 21.239 ms stddev 24.805 progress: 80.0 s, 387.4 tps, lat 25.815 ms stddev 34.607 progress: 90.0 s, 400.3 tps, lat 24.957 ms stddev 23.723 progress: 100.0 s, 366.5 tps, lat 27.286 ms stddev 66.979 progress: 110.0 s, 367.3 tps, lat 27.176 ms stddev 28.625 progress: 120.0 s, 338.6 tps, lat 29.514 ms stddev 45.125 progress: 130.0 s, 304.8 tps, lat 32.780 ms stddev 61.692 progress: 140.0 s, 269.0 tps, lat 37.148 ms stddev 73.160 progress: 150.0 s, 263.4 tps, lat 37.251 ms stddev 79.585 progress: 160.0 s, 299.4 tps, lat 32.048 ms stddev 47.968 progress: 170.0 s, 261.5 tps, lat 40.426 ms stddev 84.604 progress: 180.0 s, 223.9 tps, lat 44.454 ms stddev 100.991 progress: 190.0 s, 169.4 tps, lat 59.277 ms stddev 237.757 progress: 200.0 s, 242.9 tps, lat 41.131 ms stddev 75.598 progress: 210.0 s, 297.7 tps, lat 33.600 ms stddev 61.503 progress: 220.0 s, 265.3 tps, lat 37.649 ms stddev 100.443 progress: 230.0 s, 263.1 tps, lat 37.962 ms stddev 77.040 progress: 240.0 s, 223.7 tps, lat 44.671 ms stddev 96.937 progress: 250.0 s, 208.9 tps, lat 47.850 ms stddev 163.998 progress: 260.0 s, 153.5 tps, lat 54.204 ms stddev 125.948 progress: 270.0 s, 225.4 tps, lat 49.184 ms stddev 139.220 progress: 280.0 s, 223.1 tps, lat 46.299 ms stddev 110.193 progress: 290.0 s, 249.5 tps, lat 40.970 ms stddev 91.191 progress: 300.0 s, 251.4 tps, lat 39.775 ms stddev 80.429 progress: 310.0 s, 213.1 tps, lat 46.846 ms stddev 105.240 progress: 320.0 s, 197.4 tps, lat 50.748 ms stddev 111.180 progress: 330.0 s, 165.0 tps, lat 60.244 ms stddev 151.391 progress: 340.0 s, 195.7 tps, lat 51.197 ms stddev 109.990 progress: 350.0 s, 199.4 tps, lat 48.199 ms stddev 83.645 progress: 360.0 s, 134.4 tps, lat 77.168 ms stddev 257.218 progress: 370.0 s, 109.1 tps, lat 91.737 ms stddev 239.082 progress: 380.0 s, 159.5 tps, lat 57.498 ms stddev 129.741 progress: 390.0 s, 193.0 tps, lat 54.895 ms stddev 116.293 progress: 400.0 s, 156.1 tps, lat 65.559 ms stddev 135.288 progress: 410.0 s, 210.0 tps, lat 47.507 ms stddev 93.252 progress: 420.0 s, 174.9 tps, lat 57.200 ms stddev 165.627 progress: 430.0 s, 165.3 tps, lat 60.328 ms stddev 135.303 progress: 440.0 s, 114.1 tps, lat 87.840 ms stddev 190.481 progress: 450.0 s, 138.3 tps, lat 59.793 ms stddev 102.914 progress: 460.0 s, 182.2 tps, lat 63.602 ms stddev 197.301 progress: 470.0 s, 138.0 tps, lat 65.635 ms stddev 200.784 progress: 480.0 s, 170.1 tps, lat 64.948 ms stddev 173.358 progress: 490.0 s, 169.6 tps, lat 58.762 ms stddev 139.054 progress: 500.0 s, 135.5 tps, lat 72.901 ms stddev 213.248 progress: 510.0 s, 148.8 tps, lat 68.151 ms stddev 155.461 progress: 520.0 s, 156.1 tps, lat 63.845 ms stddev 147.884 progress: 530.0 s, 173.6 tps, lat 47.442 ms stddev 64.936 progress: 540.0 s, 180.7 tps, lat 65.152 ms stddev 207.246 progress: 550.0 s, 179.4 tps, lat 55.658 ms stddev 105.423 progress: 560.0 s, 173.8 tps, lat 57.615 ms stddev 94.866 progress: 570.0 s, 179.6 tps, lat 55.548 ms stddev 130.517 progress: 580.0 s, 181.0 tps, lat 55.044 ms stddev 126.109 progress: 590.0 s, 161.5 tps, lat 62.217 ms stddev 136.538 progress: 600.0 s, 161.3 tps, lat 51.697 ms stddev 87.159 progress: 610.0 s, 167.6 tps, lat 64.527 ms stddev 199.725 progress: 620.0 s, 150.8 tps, lat 71.611 ms stddev 256.386 progress: 630.0 s, 150.7 tps, lat 66.379 ms stddev 178.892 progress: 640.0 s, 139.3 tps, lat 71.740 ms stddev 215.406 progress: 650.0 s, 162.0 tps, lat 61.436 ms stddev 214.835 progress: 660.0 s, 169.1 tps, lat 59.385 ms stddev 136.375 progress: 670.0 s, 174.4 tps, lat 57.328 ms stddev 142.646 progress: 680.0 s, 163.9 tps, lat 60.961 ms stddev 147.686 progress: 690.0 s, 168.2 tps, lat 59.408 ms stddev 113.007 progress: 700.0 s, 218.1 tps, lat 43.138 ms stddev 63.753 progress: 710.0 s, 165.2 tps, lat 61.004 ms stddev 124.893 progress: 720.0 s, 163.4 tps, lat 60.585 ms stddev 142.039 progress: 730.0 s, 172.2 tps, lat 61.205 ms stddev 158.038 progress: 740.0 s, 158.2 tps, lat 63.365 ms stddev 151.284 progress: 750.0 s, 154.9 tps, lat 64.682 ms stddev 150.947 progress: 760.0 s, 168.5 tps, lat 59.308 ms stddev 181.120 progress: 770.0 s, 145.6 tps, lat 68.708 ms stddev 203.380 progress: 780.0 s, 153.4 tps, lat 59.480 ms stddev 95.686 progress: 790.0 s, 157.3 tps, lat 68.311 ms stddev 176.298 progress: 800.0 s, 155.9 tps, lat 63.335 ms stddev 122.997 progress: 810.0 s, 136.9 tps, lat 74.575 ms stddev 186.505 progress: 820.0 s, 152.7 tps, lat 62.206 ms stddev 166.385 progress: 830.0 s, 143.3 tps, lat 73.374 ms stddev 152.323 progress: 840.0 s, 185.8 tps, lat 53.480 ms stddev 133.932 progress: 850.0 s, 154.1 tps, lat 61.599 ms stddev 192.194 progress: 860.0 s, 144.2 tps, lat 73.218 ms stddev 199.194 progress: 870.0 s, 159.3 tps, lat 60.034 ms stddev 133.204 progress: 880.0 s, 151.1 tps, lat 64.337 ms stddev 147.333 progress: 890.0 s, 140.8 tps, lat 68.930 ms stddev 172.148 progress: 900.0 s, 159.7 tps, lat 68.639 ms stddev 159.429 progress: 910.0 s, 149.5 tps, lat 66.574 ms stddev 169.599 progress: 920.0 s, 141.4 tps, lat 71.256 ms stddev 179.652 progress: 930.0 s, 111.0 tps, lat 89.830 ms stddev 177.565 transaction type: bench_multicolumn.sql scaling factor: 100 query mode: prepared number of clients: 10 number of threads: 1 duration: 930 s number of transactions actually processed: 185220 latency average = 50.178 ms latency stddev = 127.798 ms tps = 199.157086 (including connections establishing) tps = 199.157644 (excluding connections establishing) statement latencies in milliseconds: 0.002 \set aid random(1, 100000 * :scale) 0.001 \set bid random(1, 1 * :scale) 0.001 \set tid random(1, 10 * :scale) 0.001 \set delta random(-5000, 5000) 0.001 \set aid2 random(1, 100000 * :scale) 0.001 \set bid2 random(1, 1 * :scale) 0.001 \set tid2 random(1, 10 * :scale) 0.001 \set delta2 random(-5000, 5000) 0.001 \set aid3 random(1, 100000 * :scale) 0.000 \set bid3 random(1, 1 * :scale) 0.001 \set tid3 random(1, 10 * :scale) 0.001 \set delta3 random(-5000, 5000) 0.001 \set aid4 random(1, 100000 * :scale) 0.001 \set bid4 random(1, 1 * :scale) 0.001 \set tid4 random(1, 10 * :scale) 0.001 \set delta4 random(-5000, 5000) 0.001 \set aidsel random(1, 100000 * :scale) 0.001 \set bidsel random(1, 1 * :scale) 0.000 \set tidsel random(1, 10 * :scale) 0.237 BEGIN; 20.808 INSERT INTO pgbench_history_2 (tid, bid, aid, delta, mtime) 29.121 END;